Cosmology in three dimensions: steps towards the general solution

DOI10.1088/0264-9381/23/17/012zbMATH Open1100.83034arXivgr-qc/0606025OpenAlexW1985540895MaRDI QIDQ5489748FDOQ5489748

Douglas J. Shaw, John D. Barrow, Christos G. Tsagas

Publication date: 28 September 2006

Published in: Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We use covariant and first-order formalism techniques to study the properties of general relativistic cosmology in three dimensions. The covariant approach provides an irreducible decomposition of the relativistic equations, which allows for a mathematically compact and physically transparent description of the 3-dimensional spacetimes. Using this information we review the features of homogeneous and isotropic 3-d cosmologies, provide a number of new solutions and study gauge invariant perturbations around them. The first-order formalism is then used to provide a detailed study of the most general 3-d spacetimes containing perfect-fluid matter. Assuming the material content to be dust with comoving spatial 2-velocities, we find the general solution of the Einstein equations with non-zero (and zero) cosmological constant and generalise known solutions of Kriele and the 3-d counterparts of the Szekeres solutions. In the case of a non-comoving dust fluid we find the general solution in the case of one non-zero fluid velocity component. We consider the asymptotic behaviour of the families of 3-d cosmologies with rotation and shear and analyse their singular structure. We also provide the general solution for cosmologies with one spacelike Killing vector, find solutions for cosmologies containing scalar fields and identify all the PP-wave 2+1 spacetimes.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0606025

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Exact solutions to problems in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C15) Relativistic cosmology (83F05) Analogues of general relativity in lower dimensions (83C80)

Cited In (13)

• On scalar curvature invariants in three dimensional spacetimes
• Some static spherically symmetric interior solutions of \(f (R)\) gravity
• The dynamical evolution of 3-space in a higher dimensional steady state universe
• Solutions for the null-surface formulation in \(2+1\) dimensions leading to spacetimes of Petrov types i, II, and D
• A de Sitter no-hair theorem for 3+1d cosmologies with isometry group forming 2-dimensional orbits
• Three-variable solution in the \((2+1)\)-dimensional null-surface formulation
• Two Fluids Cosmological Model in (2+1)-Dimensional Saez-Ballester Scalar-Tensor Theory of Gravitation
• Topology and incompleteness for 2+1-dimensional cosmological spacetimes
• Radiation in \((2 + 1)\)-dimensions
• Gödel type metrics in three dimensions
• All solutions of Einstein’s equations in 2+1 dimensions: Λ-vacuum, pure radiation, or gyratons
• The generalized second law of thermodynamics for interacting \(f(R)\) gravity
• Dirac field as a source of the inflation in \(2 + 1\) dimensional teleparallel gravity

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