Generalized golden ratios of ternary alphabets

DOI10.4171/JEMS/277MaRDI QIDQ550567zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors V. Komornik, Anna Chiara Lai, Marco Pedicini

Publication date 12 July 2011

Published in Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0901.1114

zbMATH Keywords

beta-expansiongolden ratiogreedy expansionlazy expansionnoninteger baseSturmian sequencesternary alphabetunique expansionunivoque sequence

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Radix representation; digital problems (11A63) Special sequences and polynomials (11B83) Combinatorics on words (68R15)

Abstract: Expansions in noninteger bases often appear in number theory and probability theory, and they are closely connected to ergodic theory, measure theory and topology. For two-letter alphabets the golden ratio plays a special role: in smaller bases only trivial expansions are unique, whereas in greater bases there exist nontrivial unique expansions. In this paper we determine the corresponding critical bases for all three-letter alphabets and we establish the fractal nature of these bases in function of the alphabets.

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Cites work

• A property of algebraic univoque numbers
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 575916 (Why is no real title available?)
• On the number of unique expansions in non-integer bases
• On the uniqueness of the expansions \(1=\sum q^{-n_i}\)
• Unique expansions of real numbers

Cited in

(20)

• Quasi-periodic \(\beta\)-expansions and cut languages
• Critical bases for ternary alphabets
• Fibonacci expansions
• Subrecursive neural networks
• Intersection of Sierpinski gasket with its translation
• Self-similar control systems and applications to zygodactyl bird's foot
• Topology of the set of univoque bases
• Thue-Morse-Sturmian words and critical bases for ternary alphabets
• Ternary expansions of powers of 2
• Sturmian words and Cantor sets arising from unique expansions over ternary alphabets
• On the regularity of the generalised golden ratio function
• Generalized golden ratios over integer alphabets
• Dynamical behavior of alternate base expansions
• A quasi-ergodic approach to non-integer base expansions
• On the existence of numbers with matching continued fraction and base b expansions
• Unique double base expansions
• Minimal unique expansions with digits in ternary alphabets
• Topology of univoque sets in double-base expansions
• Univoque graphs for non-integer base expansions
• On the cardinality and complexity of the set of codings for self-similar sets with positive Lebesgue measure

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