On modular ball-quotient surfaces of Kodaira dimension one

Abstract: Let

G a m m a s u b s e t m a t h b f P U (2, 1)

be a lattice which is not co-compact, of finite Bergman-covolume and acting freely on the open unit ball

m a t h b f B s u b s e t m a t h b b C^{2}

. Then the compactification

is a smooth projective surface with an elliptic compactification divisor

D = X s e t m i n u s (G a m m a s e t m i n u s m a t h b f B)

. In this short note we discover a new class of unramified ball-quotients

X

. We consider ball-quotients

X

with

k o d (X) = h^{1} (X, m a t h c a l O_{X}) = 1

. We prove that all minimal surfaces with finite Mordell-Weil group in the class described become after an etale base change pull-backs of the elliptic modular surface which parametrizes triples

(E, x, y)

of elliptic curves

E

with 6-torsion points

x, y i n E [6]

such that

.

Review text

Summary: Let \(\Gamma \subset \mathbf{PU}(2, 1)\) be a lattice which is not compact, of finite covolume with respect to the Bergman metric and acting freely on the open unit ball \textbf{B} \(\subset \mathbb C^2\). Then the toroidal compactification \(X = \overline{\Gamma\setminus\mathbf{B}}\) is a projective smooth surface with elliptic compactification divisor \(D = X\setminus(\Gamma\setminus\mathbf{B})\). In this short note we discover a new class of unramifed ball quotients \(X\). We consider ball quotients \(X\) with \(\text{kod}(X) = 1\) and \(h^1(X, \mathcal O_X) = 1\). We prove that each minimal surface with finite Mordell-Weil group in the class described admits an étale covering which is a pull-back of \(X_6(6)\). Here \(X_6(6)\) denotes the elliptic modular surface parametrizing elliptic curves \(E\) with 6-torsion points \(x, y\) which generate \(E[ 6]\).

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