Bäcklund Transformations of the Sixth Painlevé Equation in Terms of Riemann-Hilbert Correspondence

DOI10.1155/S1073792804131310MaRDI QIDQ5693276zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Michi-Aki Inaba, Katsunori Iwasaki, Masa-Hiko Saito

Publication date 24 September 2005

Published in IMRN. International Mathematics Research Notices (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0309341

zbMATH Keywords

Riemann-Hilbert correspondenceBäcklund transformationsPainlevé equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55) Inverse problems (Riemann-Hilbert, inverse differential Galois, etc.) for ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M50)

Abstract: It is well known that the sixth Painlev'e equation $PVI$ admits a group of B"acklund transformations which is isomorphic to the affine Weyl group of type $mathrm{D}_4^{(1)}$. Although various aspects of this unexpectedly large symmetry have been discussed by many authors, there still remains a basic problem yet to be considered, that is, the problem of characterizing the B"acklund transformations in terms of Riemann-Hilbert correspondence. In this direction, we show that the B"acklund transformations are just the pull-back of very simple transformations on the moduli of monodromy representations by the Riemann-Hilbert correspondence. This result gives a natural and clear picture of the B"acklund transformations. Key words: B"acklund transformation, the sixth Painlev'e equation, Riemann-Hilbert correspondence, isomonodromic deformation, affine Weyl group of type $mathrm{D}_4^{(1)}$.

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