Nodal Solutions for Sublinear-Type Problems with Dirichlet Boundary Conditions

DOI10.1093/IMRN/RNAA233MaRDI QIDQ5862795zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Denis Bonheure, Ederson Moreira dos Santos, Enea Parini, Hugo Tavares, Tobias Weth

Publication date 10 March 2022

Published in IMRN. International Mathematics Research Notices (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.13587

zbMATH Keywords

Dirichlet problemexistence of nodal solutionssemilinear equation with Laplacian

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Semilinear elliptic equations with Laplacian, bi-Laplacian or poly-Laplacian (35J91)

Abstract: We consider nonlinear second order elliptic problems of the type [ -Delta u=f(u) ext{ in } Omega, qquad u=0 ext{ on } partial Omega, ] where $Omega$ is an open $C^{1,1}$-domain in $mathbb{R}^N$, $Ngeq2$, under some general assumptions on the nonlinearity that include the case of a sublinear pure power $f(s)=|s{|}^{p-1}s$ with $0<p<1$ and of Allen-Cahn type $f(s)=lambda(s-|s{|}^{p-1}s)$ with $p>1$ and $lambda>lambd{a}_2(Omega)$ (the second Dirichlet eigenvalue of the Laplacian). We prove the existence of a least energy nodal (i.e. sign changing) solution, and of a nodal solution of mountain-pass type. We then give explicit examples of domains where the associated levels do not coincide. For the case where $Omega$ is a ball or annulus and $f$ is of class $C^1$, we prove instead that the levels coincide, and that least energy nodal solutions are nonradial but axially symmetric functions. Finally, we provide stronger results for the Allen-Cahn type nonlinearities in case $Omega$ is either a ball or a square. In particular we give a complete description of the solution set for $lambdasimlambd{a}_2(Omega)$, computing the Morse index of the solutions.

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Cited in

(7)

• Nodal solutions for a sublinear elliptic equation
• On subhomogeneous indefinite \(p\)-Laplace equations in the supercritical spectral interval
• On the least-energy solutions of the pure Neumann Lane-Emden equation
• Existence, unique continuation and symmetry of least energy nodal solutions to sublinear Neumann problems
• Least energy nodal solutions for elliptic equations with indefinite nonlinearity
• Topics in elliptic problems: from semilinear equations to shape optimization
• The nodal set of solutions to some elliptic problems: sublinear equations, and unstable two-phase membrane problem

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