The nodal set of solutions to some nonlocal sublinear problems

DOI10.1007/S00526-022-02197-5zbMATH Open1486.35228arXiv2004.04652OpenAlexW3016080696WikidataQ114017964 ScholiaQ114017964MaRDI QIDQ2117986FDOQ2117986

Giorgio Tortone

Publication date: 22 March 2022

Published in: Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study the nodal set of solutions to equations of the form ${\displaystyle }$ (-Delta)^s u = lambda_+ (u_+)^{q-1} - lambda_- (u_-)^{q-1}quad ext{in $B_1$}, ${\displaystyle }$ where $lambd{a}_{+},lambd{a}_{-}>0,qin[1,2)$, and $u_{+}$ and $u_{-}$ are respectively the positive and negative part of $u$. This collection of nonlinearities includes the unstable two-phase membrane problem $q=1$ as well as sublinear equations for $1<q<2$. We initially prove the validity of the strong unique continuation property and the finiteness of the vanishing order, in order to implement a blow-up analysis of the nodal set. As in the local case $s=1$, we prove that the admissible vanishing orders can not exceed the critical value $k_q=2s/(2-q)$. Moreover, we study the regularity of the nodal set and we prove a stratification result. Ultimately, for those parameters such that $k_q<1$, we prove a remarkable difference with the local case: solutions can only vanish with order $k_q$ and the problem admits one dimensional solutions. Our approach is based on the validity of either a family of Almgren-type or a 2-parameter family of Weiss-type monotonicity formulas, according to the vanishing order of the solution.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.04652

zbMATH Keywords

fractional Laplaciannodal setsemilinear equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Semilinear elliptic equations with Laplacian, bi-Laplacian or poly-Laplacian (35J91) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11)

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Cited In (4)

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• On a weighted two-phase boundary obstacle problem

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