Complex, Lorentzian, and Euclidean simplicial quantum gravity: numerical methods and physical prospects
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complex contourcomplex integration contourLorentzian quantum gravityMonte Carlo simulationnumerical sign problemquantum Regge calculussimplicial quantum gravity
Spaces of differentiable or holomorphic functions on infinite-dimensional spaces (46E50) Monte Carlo methods (65C05) Flow control and optimization for incompressible inviscid fluids (76B75) Path integrals in quantum mechanics (81S40) Mathematical modeling or simulation for problems pertaining to relativity and gravitational theory (83-10) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45) Macroscopic interaction of the gravitational field with matter (hydrodynamics, etc.) (83C55) Relativistic gravitational theories other than Einstein's, including asymmetric field theories (83D05)
Abstract: Evaluating gravitational path integrals in the Lorentzian has been a long-standing challenge due to the numerical sign problem. We show that this challenge can be overcome in simplicial quantum gravity. By deforming the integration contour into the complex, the sign fluctuations can be suppressed, for instance using the holomorphic gradient flow algorithm. Working through simple models, we show that this algorithm enables efficient Monte Carlo simulations for Lorentzian simplicial quantum gravity. In order to allow complex deformations of the integration contour, we provide a manifestly holomorphic formula for Lorentzian simplicial gravity. This leads to a complex version of simplicial gravity that generalizes the Euclidean and Lorentzian cases. Outside the context of numerical computation, complex simplicial gravity is also relevant to studies of singularity resolving processes with complex semi-classical solutions. Along the way, we prove a complex version of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, which may be of independent interest.
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Cited in
(13)- Simplicial quantum gravity on a computer
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