The contact problem in thermoviscoelastic materials
Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Unilateral problems for linear parabolic equations and variational inequalities with linear parabolic operators (35K85) Unilateral problems for linear hyperbolic equations and variational inequalities with linear hyperbolic operators (35L85) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35) Nonlinear constitutive equations for materials with memory (74D10) Thermal effects in solid mechanics (74F05)
In this very important and useful paper the small longitudinal deformation along the \(x\)-axis of a one-dimensional inhomogeneous thermoviscoelastic body fixed at \(x=0\) and unilaterally constrained at \(x=L\), is considered. Here the expansion and contraction are due to thermal effects and body forces. Mathematically, this problem is expressed by the hyperbolic-parabolic variational inequality (a constraint is imposed on the unknown function): NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{cases} u_{tt}-M \left( \int^L_0|u_x|^2 dx\right) u_{xx}+ \alpha\theta_x -\gamma u_{xxt}=0 \quad &\text{in }(0,L) \times(0,\infty)\\ \theta_t -\kappa\theta_{xx} +\alpha u_{xt}=0 \quad &\text{in }(0,L)\times (0, \infty)\\ u(0,t)=\theta (0,t)=\theta (L,t)=0\quad & t>0\\ u(x,0)=u_0(x),\quad u_t(x, 0) =u_1(x),\quad & \theta(x,0) =\theta_0(x) \end{cases}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE with the contact conditions NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{cases} u(L,t)\leq g,\;M\left(\int^L_0|u_x|^2 dx\right) u_x (L,t)+ \gamma u_{xt} (L,t)\leq 0\\ \left\{M\left( \int^L_0|u_x|^2 dx \right) u_x(L,t)+ \gamma u_{xt}(L,t) \right\} \bigl(u(L,t)-g\bigr)=0.\end{cases}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE All results are presented in systematic and self-contained manner, proofs being sufficiently detailed. The authors establish an existence result for the thermoviscoelastic degenerated contact problem. The nonlinear stress-strain relation has the form: \(\sigma=M (\int^L_0|u_x|^2 dx)u_x-\alpha\theta + \gamma u_{xt}\), where \(M\) is a function satisfying: \(M\in C^1((0, \infty))\cap C([0,\infty))\), \(M(s)\geq C|s|^p\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEMain result: For the first-order energy associated to the equation, the authors show that there exists a positive constant \(C\) such that the following estimate \(E(t)\leq C(E(0)) (1+t)^{-(p+2)/p} \) holds. Here \(p\) is a positive number which depends on nonlinear terms of the system.
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