Involutions on S^6 with 3-dimensional fixed point set

DOI10.2140/AGT.2010.10.1905MaRDI QIDQ600803zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 2 November 2010

Published in Algebraic \& Geometric Topology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1001.0916

conjugation involution Smith theory sphere surgery

Finite groups of transformations in algebraic topology (including Smith theory) (55M35) Group actions on manifolds and cell complexes in low dimensions (57M60) Surgery and handlebodies (57R65) Finite transformation groups (57S17)

Abstract: In this article, we classify all involutions on S^6 with 3-dimensional fixed point set. In particular, we discuss the relation between the classification of involutions with fixed point set a knotted 3-sphere and the classification of free involutions on homotopy CP^3's.

Review text

The author of the paper under review studies a special conjugation space, i.e., the 6-dimensional sphere \(S^6\) with involutions fixing a 3-dimensional fixed point set. In the celebrated work of his previous paper [Math. Ann. 342, No.~2, 255--271 (2008; Zbl 1154.57034)], the author showed that every \({\mathbb Z}_2\)-homology 3-sphere is the fixed point set of an involution on \(S^6\), which gives a converse to the Smith theorem (the fixed point set of any \({\mathbb Z}_2\)-action on \(S^6\) is a \({\mathbb Z}_2\)-homology sphere). It is well-known that there exists no equivariant Montgomery-Yang correspondence. The main purpose of the author in the paper under review is to study the equivariant classification of all smooth involutions on \(S^6\). One of the main results is the following Theorem A. Suppose that \(M\) is a smooth closed simply connected spin 6-manifold such that \(H_2(M)={\mathbb Z}\) and \(H_3(M)=0\). Let \(x\in H^2(M)\) be a generator. If \(M\not\cong S^2\times S^4\), then {\parindent6.5mm \begin{itemize}\item[(1)] there exists no free involution on \(M\) when \(\langle(p_1(M)x-4x^3)/24, [M]\rangle\) is odd; \item[(2)] there exist exactly two free involutions up to diffeomorphism on \(M\) when \(\langle(p_1(M)x-4x^3)/24, [M]\rangle\) is even and \(\langle x^3,[M]\rangle\) is odd; \item[(3)] there exist exactly five free involutions up to diffeomorphism on \(M\) when \(\langle(p_1(M)x-4x^3)/24, [M]\rangle\) and \(\langle x^3,[M]\rangle\) are even. \end{itemize}} If \(M\cong S^2\times S^4\), then the same classification holds for orientation-reversing involutions which act by \(-1\) on \(H^2(M)\). Some known results are also reproved with a different method. In particular, the author classifies all involutions on \(S^6\) fixing a 3-dimensional fixed point set. The result is stated as follows: Theorem B. Conjugations up to preserving-orientation conjugation with fixed point set of a fixed oriented diffeomorphism type of \({\mathbb Z}_2\)-homology 3-spheres are in bijection with \({\mathbb Z}\oplus{\mathbb Z}_4\). Under connected sum, \(\text{Inv}_{S^3}(S^6)\cong {\mathbb Z}\oplus{\mathbb Z}_4\) is an isomorphism of groups, and \(\text{Inv}_{S^3}(S^6)\) acts freely and transitively on \(\text{Inv}_{N}(s^6)\) for every \({\mathbb Z}_2\)-homology 3-sphere \(N\), where \(\text{Inv}_{N}(S^6)\) consists of equivariant diffeomorphism classes of all involutions on \(S^6\) with \(N\) as a fixed point set.

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