R-covered foliations and transverse pseudo-Anosov flows in atoroidal pieces

DOI10.4171/CMH/547MaRDI QIDQ6041352zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Sergio R. Fenley

Publication date 26 May 2023

Published in Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.10984

zbMATH Keywords

atoroidal piecesfoliationsgroup actions on the circleperiodic orbitspseudo-Anosov flowstransverse flowsuniversal circle

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Periodic orbits of vector fields and flows (37C27) Dynamics induced by group actions other than (mathbb{Z}) and (mathbb{R}), and (mathbb{C}) (37C85) Foliations generated by dynamical systems (37C86) Dynamical systems with hyperbolic orbits and sets (37D05) Uniformly hyperbolic systems (expanding, Anosov, Axiom A, etc.) (37D20) Dynamical systems involving maps of the circle (37E10) Foliations (differential geometric aspects) (53C12) Foliations in differential topology; geometric theory (57R30)

Abstract: We study the transverse geometric behavior of 2-dimensional foliations in 3-manifolds. We show that an R-covered transversely orientable foliation with Gromov hyperbolic leaves in a closed 3-manifold admits a regulating, transverse pseudo-Anosov flow (in the appropriate sense) in each atoroidal piece of the manifold. The flow is a blow of a one prong pseudo-Anosov flow. In addition we show that there is a regulating flow for the whole foliation. We also determine how deck transformations act on the universal circle of the foliation.

Review text

Let \(M\) be a closed 3-manifold and \(\mathcal{F}\) be a transversely oriented 2-dimensional foliation in \(M\) which is \(\mathbb{R}\)-covered. A foliation is called \(\mathbb{R}\)-covered if the leaf space of the foliation in the universal cover is homeomorphic to \(\mathbb{R}\). The foliation \(\mathcal{F}\) is further assumed to have Gromov hyperolic leaves. The article under review concerns the existence of a pseudo-Anosov flow transverse to \(\mathcal{F}\) which is regulating, that is, every lift of a flow line in the universal cover intersects all lifted leaves of \(\mathcal{F}\). When \(M\) is atoroidal (and hence hyperbolic), it is shown in [\textit{D. Calegari}, Geom. Topol. 4, 457--515 (2000; Zbl 0964.57014)] and [\textit{S. R. Fenley}, Comment. Math. Helv. 77, No. 3, 415--490 (2002; Zbl 1010.57008)] that regulating transverse pseudo-Anosov flow exists. The main theorem of the article extends this result to a more general class of closed 3-manifolds, which are not necessarily atoroidal nor Seifert fibered. Let \(M\) be a closed 3-manifold with an atoroidal piece \(P\) in the JSJ decomposition which is not a product (such \(P\) is called truly atoroidal) and \(\mathcal{F}\) be a foliation described above. In this setting, the article constructs a flow regulating and transverse to \(\mathcal{F}\). Moreover, such a flow is pseudo-Anosov in atoroidal pieces of \(M\) in the JSJ decomposition, as desired. The precise statement of the main theorem is that there exists a flow \(\Phi\) in a representative of \(P\) which is a blow up of a one prong pseudo-Anosov flow and is regulating and transverse to \(\mathcal{F}\) restricted to \(P\). Furthermore, it is shown in the main theorem that the union of all regular periodic orbits of \(\Phi\) is dense in \(P\). A corollary of the main theorem is that if \(\gamma \in \pi_1(M)\) is a periodic orbit of \(\Phi\) in the interior of \(P\), then up to a finite iterate, the action of \(\gamma\) on the universal circle of \(\mathcal{F}\) has finitely many fixed points, which are attracting and repelling. If \(\gamma\) is a regular orbit, then the number of fixed points is exactly 4.

Recommendations

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• The geometry of \(R\)-covered foliations
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Cited in

(8)

• The geometry of \(R\)-covered foliations
• Foliations, topology and geometry of 3-manifolds: \(\mathbb{R}\)-covered foliations and transverse pseudo-Anosov flows
• Rigidity of pseudo-Anosov flows transverse to \(\mathbb{R}\)-covered foliations
• Regulating flows, topology of foliations and rigidity
• Partial hyperbolicity and pseudo-Anosov dynamics
• Intersection of transverse foliations in 3-manifolds: Hausdorff leaf space implies leafwise quasigeodesic
• Anosov flows in dimension 3: an outside look
• Invariant sets for homeomorphisms of hyperbolic 3-manifolds

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