On Hermitian Eisenstein series of degree 2

Siegel modular groups; Siegel and Hilbert-Siegel modular and automorphic forms (11F46) Other groups and their modular and automorphic forms (several variables) (11F55)

Abstract: We consider the Hermitian Eisenstein series

E_{k}^{(m a t h b b K)}

of degree

2

and weight

k

associated with an imaginary-quadratic number field

m a t h b b K

and determine the influence of

m a t h b b K

on the arithmetic and the growth of its Fourier coefficients. We find that they satisfy the identity

E_{4}^{{(m a t h b b K)}^{2}} = E_{8}^{(m a t h b b K)}

, which is well-known for Siegel modular forms of degree

2

, if and only if

m a t h b b K = m a t h b b Q (s q r t - 3)

. As an application, we show that the Eisenstein series

E_{k}^{(m a t h b b K)}

,

k = 4, 6, 8, 10, 12

are algebraically independent whenever

m a t h b b K e q m a t h b b Q (s q r t - 3)

. The difference between the Siegel and the restriction of the Hermitian to the Siegel half-space is a cusp form in the Maass space that does not vanish identically for sufficiently large weight; however, when the weight is fixed, we will see that it tends to

0

as the discriminant tends to

- i n f t y

. Finally, we show that these forms generate the space of cusp forms in the Maass Spezialschar as a module over the Hecke algebra as

m a t h b b K

varies over imaginary-quadratic number fields.

Review text

The authors study Hermitian Eisenstein series in level~\(1\) and their restrictions to the Siegel upper half space via coefficient estimates. Hermitian modular forms of degree~\(2\) are modular forms for the unitary group~\(\mathrm{U}_{2,2}\). The authors realize them as functions on the Hermitian upper half space inside~\(\mathrm{Mat}_2(\mathbb{C})\), which contains the Siegel upper half space as the subset of symmetric matrices. This allows for a restriction of Hermitian to Siegel modular forms. The authors provide lower and upper bounds for the Fourier coefficients of Hermitian Eisenstein series by estimating available explicit formulas. From these bounds they conclude the non-vanishing of specific polynomials in Eisenstein series and their restrictions to the Siegel upper half space. Leveraging the known generators of graded rings of Siegel modular forms, as a result they obtain algebraic independence of some of these Eisenstein series. They further investigate the difference between the restriction of Hermitian Eisenstein series and Siegel Eisenstein series and show that it vanishes pointwise as the discriminant of the underlying imaginary field tends to infinity.

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