Multi-fractional instantons in SU(N) Yang-Mills theory on the twisted T^4

DOI10.1007/JHEP09(2023)095MaRDI QIDQ6056933zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Mohamed M. Anber, Erich Poppitz

Publication date 25 October 2023

Published in Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.04795

zbMATH Keywords

anomalies in field and string theoriesnonperturbative effectssolitons monopoles and instantons

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum theory (81-XX)

Abstract: We construct analytical self-dual Yang-Mills fractional instanton solutions on a four-torus $mathbb{T}^4$ with 't Hooft twisted boundary conditions. These instantons possess topological charge $Q=fracrN$, where $1leqr<N$. To implement the twist, we employ $SU(N)$ transition functions that satisfy periodicity conditions up to center elements and are embedded into $SU(k)imesSU(ell)imesU(1)subsetSU(N)$, where $ell+k=N$. The self-duality requirement imposes a condition, $k{L}_1{L}_2=rell{L}_3{L}_4$, on the lengths of the periods of $mathbb{T}^4$ and yields solutions with abelian field strengths. However, by introducing a detuning parameter $Deltaequiv(rell{L}_3{L}_4-k{L}_1{L}_2)/sqrt{L}_1{L}_2{L}_3{L}_4$, we generate self-dual nonabelian solutions on a general $mathbb{T}^4$ as an expansion in powers of $Delta$. We explore the moduli spaces associated with these solutions and find that they exhibit intricate structures. Solutions with topological charges greater than $frac1N$ and $keqr$ possess non-compact moduli spaces, along which the $O(Delta)$ gauge-invariant densities exhibit runaway behavior. On the other hand, solutions with $Q=fracrN$ and $k=r$ have compact moduli spaces, whose coordinates correspond to the allowed holonomies in the $SU(r)$ color space. These solutions can be represented as a sum over $r$ lumps centered around the $r$ distinct holonomies, thus resembling a liquid of instantons. In addition, we show that each lump supports $2$ adjoint fermion zero modes.

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Cites work

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Cited in

(14)

• Fractional instantons and bions in the \(\mathrm{O}(N)\) model with twisted boundary conditions
• \(\mathrm{SU}(N)\) fractional instantons and the Fibonacci sequence
• Semiclassical analysis of the bifundamental QCD on \(\mathbb{R}^2\times T^2\) with 't Hooft flux
• Noninvertible symmetries and anomalies from gauging 1-form electric centers
• Identifying topological structures with adjoint mode filtering
• Non-supersymmetric duality cascade of QCD(BF) via semiclassics on \(\mathbb{R}^2 \times T^2\) with the baryon-'t Hooft flux
• Analytic approach for computation of topological number of integrable vortex on torus
• The metamorphosis of semi-classical mechanisms of confinement: from monopoles on \(\mathbb{R}^3\times S^1\) to center-vortices on \(\mathbb{R}^2 \times T^2\)
• Mass-deformed super Yang-Mills theory on \(\mathbb{T}^4\): sum over twisted sectors, \(\theta\)-angle, and CP violation
• The Nahm transform of multi-fractional instantons
• Higher-order gaugino condensates on a twisted \(\mathbb{T}^4 \)
• Gauging the standard model 1-form symmetry via gravitational instantons
• Fractional instantons in 2d \(\mathbb{C}P^{N - 1}\) model and 4d Yang-Mills theory with 't Hooft twists
• Topology of calorons re-examined

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