Gaps labeling theorem for the bubble-diamond self-similar graphs
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diamond graphsgap labeling theoremlocalization with pure pointself-similar graphssingular continuous spectrum
Riemann surfaces; Weierstrass points; gap sequences (14H55) Finite generation, finite presentability, normal forms (diamond lemma, term-rewriting) (16S15) Singular functions, Cantor functions, functions with other special properties (26A30) General topics in linear spectral theory for PDEs (35P05) Applications of branching processes (60J85) Quantum information, communication, networks (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P45) Quantum mechanics on special spaces: manifolds, fractals, graphs, lattices (81Q35) Statistical mechanics of solids (82D20)
Abstract: Motivated by the appearance of fractals in physics and quantum information theory, we present a detailed spectral analysis for a new class of fractal-type diamond graphs, referred to as bubble-diamond graphs, and provide a gap-labeling theorem in the sense of Bellissard for the corresponding probabilistic graph Laplacians using the technique of spectral decimation. Labeling the gaps in the Cantor set by the normalized eigenvalue counting function, also known as the integrated density of states, we describe the gap labels as orbits of a second dynamical system that reflects the branching parameter of the bubble construction and the decimation structure. The spectrum of the natural Laplacian on limit graphs is shown generically to be pure point supported on a Cantor set, though one particular graph has a mixture of pure point and singularly continuous components.
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