Soliton versus the gas: Fredholm determinants, analysis, and the rapid oscillations behind the kinetic equation

DOI10.1002/CPA.22106MaRDI QIDQ6074568zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors

Publication date 12 October 2023

Published in Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.02601

zbMATH Keywords

kinetic equationRiemann-Hilbert problemFredholm determinantsKorteweg-de Vries soliton gas

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Random matrices (algebraic aspects) (15B52) Determinants, permanents, traces, other special matrix functions (15A15) Oscillation, zeros of solutions, mean value theorems, etc. in context of PDEs (35B05) Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Kinetic theory of gases in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C40) Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Uniqueness problems for PDEs: global uniqueness, local uniqueness, non-uniqueness (35A02) Riemann-Hilbert problems in context of PDEs (35Q15) KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53) Statistical mechanics of gases (82D05)

Abstract: We analyze the case of a dense mKdV soliton gas and its large time behaviour in the presence of a single trial soliton. We show that the solution can be expressed in terms of Fredholm determinants as well as in terms of a Riemann-Hilbert problem. We then show that the solution can be decomposed as the sum of the background gas solution (a modulated elliptic wave), plus a soliton solution: the individual expressions are however quite convoluted due to the interaction dynamics. Additionally, we are able to derive the local phase shift of the gas after the passage of the soliton, and we can trace the location of the soliton peak as the dynamics evolves. Finally we show that the soliton peak, while interacting with the soliton gas, has an oscillatory velocity whose leading order average value satisfies the kinetic velocity equation analogous to the one posited by V. Zakharov and G. El.

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Cited in

(6)

• Recent developments in spectral theory of the focusing NLS soliton and breather gases: the thermodynamic limit of average densities, fluxes and certain meromorphic differentials; periodic gases
• Partial degeneration of finite gap solutions to the Korteweg–de Vries equation: soliton gas and scattering on elliptic backgrounds
• Miura transformations and large-time behaviors of the Hirota-Satsuma equation
• Multiple solitons and breathers on periodic backgrounds in the complex modified Korteweg-de Vries equation
• Jánossy Densities and Darboux Transformations for the Stark and Cylindrical KdV Equations
• Kinetic equation for a soliton gas and Its hydrodynamic reductions

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