Regularity theory and Green's function for elliptic equations with lower order terms in unbounded domains

DOI10.1007/S00526-023-02596-2MaRDI QIDQ6090364zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Mihalis Mourgoglou

Publication date 14 November 2023

Published in Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.04722

zbMATH Keywords

elliptic operators in divergence form

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fundamental solutions to PDEs (35A08) Maximum principles in context of PDEs (35B50) Comparison principles in context of PDEs (35B51) Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Green's functions for elliptic equations (35J08) Variational methods for second-order elliptic equations (35J20) Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Boundary values of solutions to elliptic equations and elliptic systems (35J67) Unilateral problems for linear elliptic equations and variational inequalities with linear elliptic operators (35J86)

Abstract: We consider elliptic operators in divergence form with lower order terms of the form

L u = -

div

a b l a u + b u) - c a b l a u - d u

, in an open set

O m e g a s u b s e t m a t h b b R^{n}

,

n g e q 3

, with possibly infinite Lebesgue measure. We assume that the

n i m e s n

matrix

A

is uniformly elliptic with real, merely bounded and possibly non-symmetric coefficients, and either

b, c i n L_{l o c}^{n, i n f t y} (O m e g a)

and

d i n L_{l o c}^{f r a c n 2, i n f t y} (O m e g a)

, or

| b |^{2}, | c |^{2}, | d | i n m a t h c a l K_{l o c} (O m e g a)

, where

m a t h c a l K_{l o c} (O m e g a)

stands for the local Stummel-Kato class. Let

m a t h c a l K_{D i n i, 2} (O m e g a)

be a variant of

m a t h c a l K (O m e g a)

satisfying a Carleson-Dini-type condition. We develop a De Giorgi/Nash/Moser theory for solutions of

L u = f -

div

g

, where

| f |

and

| g |^{2} i n m a t h c a l K_{D i n i, 2} (O m e g a)

if, for

q i n [n, i n f t y)

, any of the following assumptions holds: a)

| b |^{2}, | d | i n m a t h c a l K_{D i n i, 2} (O m e g a)

and either

c i n L_{l o c}^{n, q} (O m e g a)

or

| c |^{2} i n m a t h c a l K_{l o c} (O m e g a)

; b) div

b + d l e q 0

and either

b + c i n L_{l o c}^{n, q} (O m e g a)

or

| b + c |^{2} i n m a t h c a l K_{l o c} (O m e g a)

; c)

-

div

c + d l e q 0

and

| b + c |^{2} i n m a t h c a l K_{D i n i, 2} (O m e g a)

. We also prove a Wiener-type criterion for boundary regularity. Assuming global conditions on the coefficients, we show that the variational Dirichlet problem is well-posed and, assuming

-

div

c + d l e q 0

, we construct the Green's function associated with

L

satisfying quantitative estimates. Under the additional hypothesis

| b + c |^{2} i n m a t h c a l K^{'} (O m e g a)

, we show that it satisfies global pointwise bounds and also construct the Green's function associated with the formal adjoint operator of

L

. An important feature of our results is that all the estimates are scale invariant and independent of

O m e g a

, while we do not assume smallness of the norms of the coefficients or coercivity of the bilinear form.

Review text

The aim of the author is to prove global pointwise bounds for solutions of partial differential equations associated to an elliptic operators \(L\) that has divergence form having lower order terms. In addition, the author constructs the Green's function associated with the formal adjoint operator of \(L\). It is pointed out that the author does not insert as assumption nor the smallness of the norms of the coefficients nor the coercivity of the associated bilinear form.

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