Large Sample Properties of Matching for Balance

DOI10.5705/SS.202020.0343MaRDI QIDQ6092946zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Yixin Wang, José R. Zubizarreta

Publication date 23 November 2023

Published in STATISTICA SINICA (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.11386

zbMATH Keywords

causal inferenceinteger programmingmatching methodsobservational studiespropensity score

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Statistics (62-XX)

Abstract: Matching methods are widely used for causal inference in observational studies. Among them, nearest neighbor matching is arguably the most popular. However, nearest neighbor matching does not generally yield an average treatment effect estimator that is $sqrtn$-consistent (Abadie and Imbens, 2006). Are matching methods not $sqrtn$-consistent in general? In this paper, we study a recent class of matching methods that use integer programming to directly target aggregate covariate balance as opposed to finding close neighbor matches. We show that under suitable conditions these methods can yield simple estimators that are $sqrtn$-consistent and asymptotically optimal.

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