Shear dispersion of multispecies electrolyte solutions in the channel domain

DOI10.1017/JFM.2023.626MaRDI QIDQ6096853zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Lingyun Ding

Publication date 15 September 2023

Published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.14583

zbMATH Keywords

electrokinetic flowlaminar mixingelectro-diffusionlong-time asymptotic solutionadvection Nernst-Planck equationgeneralized Taylor dispersionnonlinear diffusion tensor

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Diffusion (76R50) Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics (76W05) Asymptotic methods, singular perturbations applied to problems in fluid mechanics (76M45)

Abstract: In multispecies electrolyte solutions, even in the absence of an external electric field, differences in ion diffusivities induce an electric potential and generate additional fluxes for each species. This electro-diffusion process is well-described by the advection-Nernst-Planck equation. This study aims to analyze the long-time behavior of the governing equation under the electroneutrality and zero current conditions and investigate how the diffusion-induced electric potential and the shear flow enhance the effective diffusion coefficients of each species in channel domains. To achieve this goal, the homogenization method was used to derive a reduced model of the advection-Nernst-Planck equation in the channel domain. There are several interesting properties of the effective equation. First, it is a generalization of the Taylor dispersion, with a nonlinear diffusion tensor replacing the scalar diffusion coefficient. Second, the effective equation reveals that the system without the flow is asymptotically equivalent to the system with a strong flow and scaled physical parameters. Furthermore, when the background concentration is much greater than the perturbed concentration, the effective equation reduces to a multidimensional diffusion equation, consistent with the classical Taylor dispersion theory. However, for zero background concentration, the ion-electric interaction results in several phenomena don't present in the advection-diffusion equation, including upstream migration of some species, spontaneous separation of ions, and non-monotonic dependence of the effective diffusivity on P'eclet numbers. Last, the dependence of effective diffusivity on concentration and ion diffusivity suggests a method to infer the concentration ratio of each component and ion diffusivity by measuring the effective diffusivity.

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Cited in

(4)

• Correlation function of a random scalar field evolving with a rapidly fluctuating Gaussian process
• Diffusioosmotic dispersion of solute in a long narrow channel
• Dispersion with a pinch of salt
• Diffusion-driven flows in a nonlinear stratified fluid layer

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