Q-curves, Hecke characters, and some Diophantine equations. II

DOI10.5565/PUBLMAT6722304MaRDI QIDQ6109906zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors

Publication date 31 July 2023

Published in Publicacions Matemàtiques (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.06965

zbMATH Keywords

\(\mathbb{Q}\)-curvesDiophantine equationsGalois representationsHecke characters

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Higher degree equations; Fermat's equation (11D41) Galois representations (11F80)

Abstract: In the article [PV] a general procedure to study solutions of the equations $x^4-d{y}^2=z^p$ was presented for negative values of $d$. The purpose of the resent article is to extend our previous results to positive values of $d$. On doing so, we give a description of the extension $mathbbQ(sqrtd,sqrtepsilon)/mathbbQ(sqrtd)$ (where $epsilon$ is a fundamental unit) needed to prove the existence of a Hecke character over $mathbbQ(sqrtd)$ with prescribed local conditions. We also extend some "large image" results due to Ellenberg regarding images of Galois representations coming from $mathbbQ$-curves from imaginary to real quadratic fields.

Review text

In the article [Part I, Math. Comput. 91, No. 338, 2817--2865 (2022; Zbl 1503.11072)], the authors presented a general procedure to study solutions of the equations \(x^4 - dy^2 = z^p\), where \(d\) is a negative integer. The novelty was to use the theory of Hecke characters over imaginary quadratic fields. The purpose of the present article is to extend their previous results to positive values of \(d\). The authors prove the existence of Hecke characters over real quadratic fields with prescribed local behaviour in section 2 (Theorem 2.1). In the fourth section, they give an explicit version of Ellenberg's large image result (regarding images of Galois representations coming from \(\mathbb Q\)-curves over imaginary quadratic fields [\textit{J. S. Ellenberg}, Am. J. Math. 126, No. 4, 763--787 (2004; Zbl 1059.11041)]) for real quadratic fields where the prime \(2\) splits. The last section contains the examples for small values of \(d\) (\(1\leq d \leq 20\) and \(d=129\)); see Theorems 5.1 to 5.5.

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Cited in

(1)

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