The McKay correspondence for isolated singularities via Floer theory

DOI10.4310/JDG/1685121321MaRDI QIDQ6113403zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Mark McLean, Alexander F. Ritter

Publication date 9 August 2023

Published in Journal of Differential Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.01534, https://projecteuclid.org/journals/journal-of-differential-geometry/volume-124/issue-1/The-McKay-correspondence-for-isolated-singularities-via-Floer-theory/10.4310/jdg/1685121321.full

zbMATH Keywords

Conley-Zehnder index convex symplectic manifold crepant resolution equivariant cohomology Floer cohomology generalized McKay correspondence Morse subcomplex Morse-Bott spectral sequence positive symplectic complex Reid's age grading symplectic cohomology

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singularities in algebraic geometry (14B05) McKay correspondence (14E16) Complex surface and hypersurface singularities (32S25) Symplectic aspects of Floer homology and cohomology (53D40)

Abstract: We prove the generalised McKay correspondence for isolated singularities using Floer theory. Given an isolated singularity C^n/G for a finite subgroup G in SL(n,C) and any crepant resolution Y, we prove that the rank of positive symplectic cohomology SH_+(Y) is the number of conjugacy classes of G, and that twice the age grading on conjugacy classes is the �-grading on SH_+(Y) by the Conley-Zehnder index. The generalised McKay correspondence follows as SH_+(Y) is naturally isomorphic to ordinary cohomology H(Y), due to a vanishing result for full symplectic cohomology. In the Appendix we construct a novel filtration on the symplectic chain complex for any non-exact convex symplectic manifold, which yields both a Morse-Bott spectral sequence and a construction of positive symplectic cohomology.

Review text

The authors reprove by novel symplectic methods the generalized McKay correspondence for isolated singularities \(\mathbb{C}^n/G\) with finite subgroups \(G\subset \mathrm{SL}(n,\mathbb{C})\). \textit{V. V. Batyrev}'s original proof in [J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 1, No. 1, 5--33 (1999; Zbl 0943.14004)] used algebraic geometry and motivic integration. The correspondence relates the cohomology of a crepant resolution \(\pi:Y\to\mathbb{C}^n/G\) to the representation theory of \(G\). In particular, the Euler characteristic of \(Y\) is equal to the number of conjugacy classes in \(G\) and \(\dim H^{2k}(Y,\mathbb{F})\) (odd cohomology vanishes) is equal to the number of age \(k\) (under Reid's age grading) conjugacy classes, assuming that the characteristic of \(\mathbb{F}\) is \(0\) or coprime to all positive integers \(\leq|G|\). The proof is based on Floer theory. A Hamiltonian that is standard away from the singular fiber \(\pi^{-1}(0)\) is used to define Floer cohomology groups and their direct limit, the symplectic cohomology \(SH^*(Y)\). The positive complex \(SH^*_+(Y)\) is defined, roughly, as the quotient of \(SH^*(Y)\) by the Morse subcomplex of constant \(1\)-periodic orbits. This construction is usually done for exact convex symplectic manifolds, where Floer's action functional provides the necessary filtration on the symplectic chain complex. The authors construct a novel filtration that works to the same effect without the exactness condition. There is a long exact sequence computing \(H^*(Y)\) from \(SH^*(Y)\) and \(SH^*_+(Y)\), and it is proved that \(SH^*(Y)\) vanishes and \(SH^{*\,-1}(Y)\simeq H^*(Y)\) with the grading by the Conley-Zehnder index. The McKay correspondence then follows by the Morse-Bott spectral sequence argument that constructs orbits generating the cohomology classes based on eigenvalues of elements of conjugacy classes of \(G\). To get to the limit of the spectral sequence, the authors use \(S^1\)-equivariant theory as an intermediary. The authors announce an extension of their work to non-isolated singularities that was also supposed to provide a natural basis for \(H^*(Y)\) labeled by conjugacy classes of \(G\), a still open problem originally posed by \textit{M. Reid} [in: Séminaire Bourbaki. Volume 1999/2000. Exposés 865--879. Paris: Société Mathématique de France. 53--72, Exp. No. 867 (2002; Zbl 0996.14006)], but it does not seem to have appeared since. They also express hope that their approach can provide new insights into the ``crepant resolution conjecture.

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