Groupoid and algebra of the infinite quantum spin chain

DOI10.1016/J.GEOMPHYS.2023.104901MaRDI QIDQ6115707zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Florio M. Ciaglia, Fabio Di Cosmo, Paolo Facchi, A. Ibort, Giuseppe Marmo

Publication date 10 August 2023

Published in Journal of Geometry and Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.01050

zbMATH Keywords

groupoids Hilbert algebras infinite spin chain Schwinger picture

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Groupoids, semigroupoids, semigroups, groups (viewed as categories) (18B40) Hilbert algebras (46K15) Groups and algebras in quantum theory and relations with integrable systems (81R12) Operator algebra methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81R15) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20)

Abstract: It is well known that certain features of a quantum theory cannot be described in the standard picture on a Hilbert space. In particular, this happens when we try to formally frame a quantum field theory, or a thermodynamic system with finite density. This forces us to introduce different types of algebras, more general than the ones we usually encounter in a standard course of quantum mechanics. We show how these algebras naturally arise in the Schwinger description of the quantum mechanics of an infinite spin chain. In particular, we use the machinery of Dirac-Feynman-Schwinger (DFS) states developed in recent works to introduce a dynamics based on the modular theory by Tomita-Takesaki, and consequently we apply this approach to describe the Ising model.

Review text

The authors continue to develop the groupoid approach to quantum mechanics introduced in previous papers. After a review of the notions of \({C}^*\)-algebras, \({W}^*\)-algebras, left-Hilbert algebras, groupoids and groupoid algebras, the authors show how these notions naturally arise in the Schwinger description of the quantum mechanics of an infinite spin chain. The groupoid whose space of objects \(\Omega_\infty\) is made of sequences \((x_0,x_1,x_2,...)\) with \(x_k\in \{0,1\}\) and whose transitions are given by the action of a group \(\Gamma\subset \Omega_\infty\) containing sequences with a finite number of non-null elements describes an infinite chain of qubits where only the transitions that can flip a finite number of them are allowed. More details about the groupoid approach to this quantum system are presented. The role of the algebraic picture is to describe certain features of quantum theory which can not be described in the standard picture based on the use of a Hilbert space and its self-adjoint operators.

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