Identification of metallic objects using spectral magnetic polarizability tensor signatures: Object classification

DOI10.1002/NME.6927arXiv2110.06624OpenAlexW3206320390MaRDI QIDQ6129652FDOQ6129652

Authors: Paul D. Ledger, William R. B. Lionheart 

Publication date: 17 April 2024

Published in: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The early detection of terrorist threat objects, such as guns and knives, through improved metal detection, has the potential to reduce the number of attacks and improve public safety and security. To achieve this, there is considerable potential to use the fields applied and measured by a metal detector to discriminate between different shapes and different metals since, hidden within the field perturbation, is object characterisation information. The magnetic polarizability tensor (MPT) offers an economical characterisation of metallic objects and its spectral signature provides additional object characterisation information. The MPT spectral signature can be determined from measurements of the induced voltage over a range frequencies in a metal signature for a hidden object. With classification in mind, it can also be computed in advance for different threat and non-threat objects. In the article, we evaluate the performance of probabilistic and non-probabilistic machine learning algorithms, trained using a dictionary of computed MPT spectral signatures, to classify objects for metal detection. We discuss the importances of using appropriate features and selecting an appropriate algorithm depending on the classification problem being solved and we present numerical results for a range of practically motivated metal detection classification problems.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.06624

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zbMATH Keywords

machine learningfinite element methodreduced order modelobject classificationmagnetic polarizability tensormetal detection

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Classification and discrimination; cluster analysis (statistical aspects) (62H30) Artificial neural networks and deep learning (68T07) Bayesian problems; characterization of Bayes procedures (62C10) Computational learning theory (68Q32) Electro- and magnetostatics (78A30) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N30) Model reduction in optics and electromagnetic theory (78M34) Numerical methods for partial differential equations, boundary value problems (65N99) Finite element, Galerkin and related methods applied to problems in optics and electromagnetic theory (78M10)

Cited In (4)

• Shape and orientation classification of objects based on their electromagnetic signatures using convolutional neural networks
• Efficient Computation of the Magnetic Polarizability Tensor Spectral Signature using POD
• Identification of Metallic Objects using Spectral MPT Signatures: Object Characterisation and Invariants
• Characterising small objects in the regime between the eddy current model and wave propagation

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