ADM mass in warp drive spacetimes

DOI10.1007/S10714-022-03061-9zbMATH Open1528.83159arXiv2205.15950OpenAlexW4315479144MaRDI QIDQ6132908FDOQ6132908

Jessica Santiago, Matt Visser, Sebastian Schuster

Publication date: 15 July 2023

Published in: General Relativity and Gravitation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: What happens when a warp bubble has mass? This seemingly innocent question forces one to carefully formalize exactly what one means by a warp bubble, exactly what one means by having the warp bubble "move" with respect to the fixed stars, and forces one to more carefully examine the notion of mass in warp-drive spacetimes. This is the goal of the present article. In this process, we will see that often-made throw-away comments regarding "payloads" are even simpler than commonly assumed, while there are two further, distinct yet subtle ways in which a mass can appear in connection with a warp drive space-time: One, that the warp bubble (not its payload) has the mass; two, that the mass is a background feature in front of which the warp drive moves. For simplicity, we consider generic Nat'ario warp drives with zero-vorticity flow field. The resulting spacetimes are sufficiently simple to allow an exact and fully explicit computation of all of the stress-energy components, and verify that (as expected) the null energy condition (NEC) is violated. Likewise the weak, strong, and dominant energy conditions (WEC, SEC, DEC) are violated. Indeed, this confirms the community's folk wisdom, and recent (fully general, but implicit) results of the present authors which closed previous gaps in the argument. However, folk wisdom should be carefully and critically examined before being believed, and the present examples for general results will greatly aid physical intuition.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.15950

zbMATH Keywords

ADM massenergy conditionswarp driveNatário zero-vorticity warp drivewarp bubblewarped Schwarzschild spacetimes

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Critical points of functionals in context of PDEs (e.g., energy functionals) (35B38) Vortex flows for incompressible inviscid fluids (76B47) Macroscopic interaction of the gravitational field with matter (hydrodynamics, etc.) (83C55) Black holes (83C57) Relativistic cosmology (83F05) Galactic and stellar structure (85A15) Complex vector fields, holomorphic foliations, (mathbb{C})-actions (32M25) Mathematical modeling or simulation for problems pertaining to relativity and gravitational theory (83-10)

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Cited In (3)

• Title not available (Why is that?)
• A closer look at Natário's zero-expansion warp drive
• Black holes, warp drives, and energy conditions

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