Measure upper bounds for nodal sets of eigenfunctions of the bi‐harmonic operator

DOI10.1112/JLMS.12550MaRDI QIDQ6134471zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Long Tian, Xiao-Ping Yang

Publication date 22 August 2023

Published in Journal of the London Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.00153

zbMATH Keywords

eigenfunctionsbi-harmonic operator

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Higher-order elliptic equations (35J30) General topics in linear spectral theory for PDEs (35P05) Biharmonic and polyharmonic equations and functions in higher dimensions (31B30) Eigenvalue problems for linear operators (47A75)

Abstract: In this article, we consider eigenfunctions $u$ of the bi-harmonic operator, i.e., $riangl{e}^{2}u=lambd{a}^{2}u$ on $Omega$ with some homogeneous linear boundary conditions. We assume that $Omegasubseteqmathbb{R}^n$ ($ngeq2$) is a $C^{infty}$ bounded domain, $partialOmega$ is piecewise analytic and $partialOmega$ is analytic except a set $GammasubseteqpartialOmega$ which is a finite union of some compact $(n-2)$ dimensional submanifolds of $partialOmega$. The main result of this paper is that the measure upper bounds of the nodal sets of the eigenfunctions is controlled by $sqrtlambda$. We first define a frequency function and a doubling index related to these eigenfunctions. With the help of establishing the monotonicity formula, doubling conditions and various a priori estimates, we obtain that the $(n-1)$ dimensional Hausdorff measures of nodal sets of these eigenfunctions in a ball are controlled by the frequency function and $sqrtlambda$. In order to further control the frequency function with $sqrtlambda$, we first establish the relationship between the frequency function and the doubling index, and then separate the domain $Omega$ into two parts: a domain away from $Gamma$ and a domain near $Gamma$, and develop iteration arguments to deal with the two cases respectively.

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Cited in

(6)

• Measure upper bounds of nodal sets of Robin eigenfunctions
• Measure estimates of nodal sets of bi-harmonic functions
• Estimates for sums of eigenfunctions of elliptic pseudo-differential operators on compact Lie groups
• Upper bounds of nodal sets for eigenfunctions of eigenvalue problems
• Lower bounds for nodal sets of biharmonic Steklov problems
• Doubling inequality and nodal sets for solutions of bi-Laplace equations

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