Indecomposable solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation of square-free cardinality

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2023.109221arXiv2212.06753MaRDI QIDQ6135875FDOQ6135875

Jan Okniński, Ferran Cedó

Publication date: 28 August 2023

Published in: Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Indecomposable involutive non-degenerate set-theoretic solutions $(X,r)$ of the Yang-Baxter equation of cardinality $p_{1}cdots{p}_n$, for different prime numbers $p_1,ldots,p_n$, are studied. It is proved that they are multipermutation solutions of level $leqn$. In particular, there is no simple solution of a non-prime square-free cardinality. This solves a problem stated in [F. Ced'o, J. Okni'nski, Constructing finite simple solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation, Adv. Math. 391 (2021), 107968] and provides a far reaching extension of several earlier results on indecomposability of solutions. The proofs are based on a detailed study of the brace structure on the permutation group $mathcalG(X,r)$ associated to such a solution. It is proved that $p_1,ldots,p_n$ are the only primes dividing the order of $mathcalG(X,r)$. Moreover, the Sylow $p_i$-subgroups of $mathcalG(X,r)$ are elementary abelian $p_i$-groups and if $P_i$ denotes the Sylow $p_i$-subgroup of the additive group of the left brace $mathcalG(X,r)$, then there exists a permutation $sigmain{S}_n$ such that $P_{sigma(1)},,P_{sigma(1)}{P}_{sigma(2)},dots,P_{sigma(1)}{P}_{sigma(2)}cdots{P}_{sigma(n)}$ are ideals of the left brace $mathcalG(X,r)$ and $mathcalG(X,r)=P_1{P}_{2}cdots{P}_n$. In addition, indecomposable solutions of cardinality $p_{1}cdots{p}_n$ that are multipermutation of level $n$ are constructed, for every nonnegative integer $n$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.06753

zbMATH Keywords

Yang-Baxter equationbracemultipermutation solutionset-theoretic solutionindecomposable solution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Yang-Baxter equations (16T25) Primitive groups (20B15) Solvable groups, supersolvable groups (20F16)

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• The generalization of strong anisotropic XXZ model and UC hierarchy
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