Pythagorean submanifolds in Euclidean spaces

DOI10.1007/S00025-023-01985-5MaRDI QIDQ6136252zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Muhittin Evren Aydin, Adela-Gabriela Mihai, Cihan Özgür

Publication date 29 August 2023

Published in Results in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s00025-023-01985-5

zbMATH Keywords

Clifford torusgolden ratioisoparametric submanifoldmatrix Pythagorean tripleshape operator

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Matrices, determinants in number theory (11C20) Local submanifolds (53B25) Differential geometry of immersions (minimal, prescribed curvature, tight, etc.) (53C42)

Review text

The main result of the paper states that a Pythagorean submanifold, with respect to a frame \(\mathcal{B}\), of the Euclidean space is isoparametric. Let us explain the above notions. Firstly, given a complete Riemannian submanifold of the Euclidean space and a parallel unit normal vector field \(\xi\), the submanifold is called to be a \(\xi\)-Pythagorean submanifold if the following relation holds \[ I^{2}+\epsilon (I\cdot A_{\xi})^{2}=(I\cdot A^{2}_{\xi})^{2} \] where \(\epsilon =\pm 1\), \(I\) is the matrix of the induced metric and \(A_{\xi}\) is the matrix of the shape operator in the direction of \(\xi\). If \(\mathcal{B}\) is an orthonormal parallel frame of the normal bunde such that the submanifold is \(\xi\)-Pythagorean for every \(\xi \in \mathcal{B}\), then the submanifold is called a Pythagorean submanifold with respect to \(\mathcal{B}\). Secondly, an isoparametric submanifold is a Riemannian complete submanifold having a flat normal bundle and with the principal curvatures along any parallel normal vector field being constant.

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Cited in

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• Pythagorean submanifolds

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