Hamiltonian structure of rational isomonodromic deformation systems

DOI10.1063/5.0142532MaRDI QIDQ6138697zbMATHOpenAlexFDO

Authors M. Bertola, J. Harnad, Jacques Hurtubise

Publication date 5 September 2023

Published in Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.06880

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55) Completely integrable finite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems, integration methods, integrability tests (37J35) Isomonodromic deformations for ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M56) General theory of finite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, Hamiltonian and Lagrangian structures, symmetries, invariants (37J06)

Abstract: The Hamiltonian approach to isomonodromic deformation systems is extended to include generic rational covariant derivative operators on the Riemann sphere with irregular singularities of arbitrary Poincar'e rank. The space of rational connections with given pole degrees carries a natural Poisson structure corresponding to the standard classical rational R-matrix structure on the dual space $L^{\ast }gl(r)$ of the loop algebra $Lgl(r)$. Nonautonomous isomonodromic counterparts of the isospectral systems generated by spectral invariants are obtained by identifying the deformation parameters as Casimir functions on the phase space. These are shown to coincide with the higher Birkhoff invariants determining the local asymptotics near to irregular singular points, together with the pole loci. Infinitesimal isomonodromic deformations are shown to be generated by the sum of the Hamiltonian vector field and an explicit derivative vector field that is transversal to the symplectic foliation. The Casimir elements serve as coordinates complementing those along the symplectic leaves, extended by the exponents of formal monodromy, defining a local symplectomorphism between them. The explicit derivative vector fields preserve the Poisson structure and define a flat transversal connection, spanning an integrable distribution whose leaves, locally, may be identified as the orbits of a free abelian group. The projection of the infinitesimal isomonodromic deformations vector fields to the quotient manifold under this action gives the commuting Hamiltonian vector fields corresponding to the spectral invariants dual to the Birkhoff invariants and the pole loci.

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Cited in

(11)

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