Asymptotic study of critical wave fronts for parameter-dependent Born–Infeld models: physically predicted behaviors and new phenomena

DOI10.1088/1361-6544/AD140EMaRDI QIDQ6138850zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Maurizio Garrione

Publication date 16 January 2024

Published in Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.13788

zbMATH Keywords

singular perturbationcritical speedvanishing diffusionBorn-Infeld modeltraveling frontsMinkowski operatorfront sharpening

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Homoclinic and heteroclinic solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C37) Traveling wave solutions (35C07) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) Quasilinear parabolic equations with mean curvature operator (35K93)

Abstract: In this paper, we study some parameter-dependent reaction-diffusion models governed by the Born-Infeld (or Minkowski) operator. In dependence on two parameters $a,b>0$, related to the field strength and to the diffusivity, we investigate the limit critical speed for traveling fronts, together with the limit behavior of the associated critical profiles. As the two main results, on the one hand we rigorously show that for arbitrarily large electric fields the critical speed and the critical profiles converge to the ones of the linear diffusion problem, agreeing with the well-known physical prediction that, in this case, Born's law and Maxwell's law coincide. Such a result is accompanied by a counterpart for arbitrarily small electric fields and a complete analysis for vanishing/large diffusion. On the other hand, we prove the onset of a new and unexpected phenomenon for the singular perturbation problem: the critical speed of propagation does not converge to zero and, for KPP or combustion-type reactions, the limit front profile becomes sharp on one side only. In fact, this latter coincides with the $C^1$-gluing of a piecewise linear profile having slope equal to 1 when nonconstant, and of a regular inviscid profile propagating at the limit speed. The gluing point and the value of the limit speed are determined explicitly. The outcomes of the whole discussion, based on a careful analysis of the first-order reduction associated with the original equation, show substantial differences and peculiarities of the Born- Infeld operator with respect to linear or saturating diffusions, and are supported by several numerical experiments.

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Cited in

(1)

• The role of convection in the limit shape of the critical front profile for Born-Infeld diffusion models

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