Metastable patterns for a reaction-diffusion model with mean curvature-type diffusion

DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2020.124455MaRDI QIDQ2208263zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Raffaele Folino, Marta Strani, Ramón G. Plaza

Publication date 23 October 2020

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.11155

zbMATH Keywords

energy estimatesmean curvature operatormetastability

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singular perturbations in context of PDEs (35B25) Pattern formations in context of PDEs (35B36) Initial-boundary value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K20) Quasilinear parabolic equations with mean curvature operator (35K93)

Abstract: Reaction-diffusion equations are widely used to describe a variety of phenomena such as pattern formation and front propagation in biological, chemical and physical systems. In the one-dimensional model with a balanced bistable reaction function, it is well-known that there is persistence of metastable patterns for an exponentially long time, i.e. a time proportional to $exp(C/e)$ where $C,e$ are strictly positive constants and $e^2$ is the diffusion coefficient. In this paper, we extend such results to the case when the linear diffusion flux is substituted by the mean curvature operator both in Euclidean and Lorentz--Minkowski spaces. More precisely, for both models, we prove existence of metastable states which maintain a transition layer structure for an exponentially long time and we show that the speed of the layers is exponentially small. Numerical simulations, which confirm the analytical results, are also provided.

Review text

The authors study the reaction-diffusion equation \[ u_t=Q(\varepsilon^2u_x)_x-F'(u) \quad \text{in \((a,b)\times (0,\infty)\)} \] with the initial-boundary condition \(\left. u\right\vert_{t=0}=u_0(x)\), \( \left. u_x\right\vert_{x=a,b}=0\), where \(F\in C^3(\mathbb{R})\) is a double well potential with wells of equal depth: \[ F(\pm 1)=F'(\pm 1)=0, \quad F(\pm 1)>0, \quad F(u)>0 , \ \forall u\neq \pm 1, \] and \(Q\) is the mean curvature operator, either \[ Q(s)=\frac{s}{\sqrt{1+s^2}} \] or \[ Q(s)=\frac{s}{\sqrt{1-s^2}}. \] It is assumed that the initial value \(u_0=u_0^\varepsilon\) approaches to a piecewise constant function \(v:[a,b]\rightarrow \{ +1, -1\}\) in \(L^1\) as \(\varepsilon\rightarrow 0\) under an appropriate upper bound of the energy \(E_\varepsilon[u_0^\varepsilon]\) using \(N+\exp(-A/\varepsilon)\), where \(N\) is the number of jumps of \(v\), \(A>0\) is a constant bounded above by the minimum length of the interval for \(v\) to be constant, and \[ E_\varepsilon[u]=\int_a^b\left[ \frac{\tilde Q(\varepsilon^2u_x)}{\varepsilon^2}+F(u)\right] dx, \quad \tilde Q'=Q. \] Then the solution \(u^\varepsilon=u^\varepsilon(\cdot,t)\) converges to \(v\) in \(L^1\) uniformly in \(t\in (0, m\exp(A/\varepsilon))\) for any \(m>0\).

Recommendations

• Inhomogeneous fast reaction, slow diffusion and weighted curve shortening
• Metastable patterns in solutions of u_t = ϵ²u_xx − f(u)
• On reaction-diffusion models with memory and mean curvature-type diffusion
• The singular limit of a vector-valued reaction-diffusion process
• Generation, propagation, and annihilation of metastable patterns

Cites work

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Cited in

(10)

• Long time dynamics of solutions to \(p\)-Laplacian diffusion problems with bistable reaction terms
• Long-time behavior of solutions to the generalized Allen-Cahn model with degenerate diffusivity
• On reaction-diffusion models with memory and mean curvature-type diffusion
• Inhomogeneous fast reaction, slow diffusion and weighted curve shortening
• Metastable patterns in solutions of u_t = ϵ²u_xx − f(u)
• Exponentially slow motion for a one-dimensional Allen-Cahn equation with memory
• Asymptotic study of critical wave fronts for parameter-dependent Born–Infeld models: physically predicted behaviors and new phenomena
• Layered patterns in reaction-diffusion models with Perona-Malik diffusions
• Minimization of a Ginzburg-Landau functional with mean curvature operator in 1-D
• Generation, propagation, and annihilation of metastable patterns

Describes a project that uses

Uses Software

• Matlab

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