Pattern formation in a flux limited reaction-diffusion equation of porous media type

DOI10.1007/S00222-016-0649-5MaRDI QIDQ730185zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors V. Caselles, J. Calvo, Juan Campos, O. Sánchez, J. Soler

Publication date 23 December 2016

Published in Inventiones Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1309.6789

Fokker-Planck equation pattern formation for porous media traveling waves

Qualitative theory for ordinary differential equations (34Cxx) Pattern formations in context of PDEs (35B36) Continuation and prolongation of solutions to PDEs (35B60) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) Singular parabolic equations (35K67) PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics (35Q35) Partial differential equations of mathematical physics and other areas of application (35Q99) Dynamical systems with hyperbolic behavior (37Dxx) Nonlinear dynamics in mechanics (70Kxx) Water waves, gravity waves; dispersion and scattering, nonlinear interaction (76B15)

Abstract: A nonlinear PDE featuring flux limitation effects together with those of the porous media equation (nonlinear Fokker-Planck) is presented in this paper. We analyze the balance of such diverse effects through the study of the existence and qualitative behavior of some admissible patterns, namely traveling wave solutions, to this singular reaction-difusion equation. We show the existence and qualitative behavior of different types of traveling waves: classical profiles for wave speeds high enough, and discontinuous waves that are reminiscent of hyperbolic shock waves when the wave speed lowers below a certain threshold. Some of these solutions are of particular relevance as they provide models by which the whole solution (and not just the bulk of it, as it is the case with classical traveling waves) spreads through the medium with finite speed.

Review text

In this very interesting work, the authors investigate pattern formation in porous media. More specifically, they examine the existence and properties of traveling wave solutions for a non-linear Fokker-Planck equation with flux limited diffusion, of the form \[ u_t=\nu \text{div}\Big(\frac{u^m\nabla u}{\sqrt{|u|^2+\frac{\nu^2}{c^2}|\nabla u|^2}}\Big)+F(u), \] posed in \((0,T)\times \mathbb{R}^n\), where \(m>1\), \(\nu\) is a kinematic viscosity, and \(c>0\) is a characteristic speed; the nonlinearity \(F(u)\) is a Lipschitz continuous function satisfying \[ F(0)=F(1)=0. \] In particular, one-dimensional traveling wave solutions \[ u(x-\sigma t), \] with constant speed \(\sigma>0\), and range in \([0, 1]\) are considered. Depending on the wave speed, existence of classical traveling waves is established, while for \[ \sigma_{\text{ent}}\leq\sigma<\sigma_{\text{smooth}}, \] discontinuous waves are developed that resemble to hyperbolic shock waves. In the case of \(\sigma = \sigma_{\text{ent}}\), the discontinuous solutions are supported on the half line and correspond to propagation of information at finite speed.

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