Differential 2-rigs

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Publication:6150153




Abstract: We propose the notion of "differential 2-rig", a category mathcalR equipped with coproducts and a monoidal structure distributing over them, also equipped with an endofunctor partial:mathcalRomathcalR that satisfies a categorified analogue of the Leibniz rule. This is intended as a tool to unify various applications of such categories to computer science, algebraic topology, and enumerative combinatorics. The theory of differential 2-rigs has a geometric flavour (for example, we prove that for every otimes-monoid MinmathcalR, the derivative partialM is a M-module), but boils down to a specialization of the theory of tensorial strengths on endofunctors, tightly connected to applicative endofunctors in functional programming, and captures the construction of Brzozowski derivatives in formal language theory. This builds a surprising connection between apparently disconnected fields. We provide an explicit construction to build free 2-rigs on a signature, and we prove various initiality results: for example, a certain category of colored species is the free differential 2-rig on a single generator.



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