Algebraic groups and differential Galois theory
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Publication:3084532
differential algebradifferential Galois theoryabstract differential equationsalgebraic varietiesdifferential algebraic groupsPicard-Vessiot extensions
Singularities, monodromy and local behavior of solutions to ordinary differential equations in the complex domain, normal forms (34M35) Differential algebra (12H05) Abstract differential equations (12H20) Relevant commutative algebra (14A05) Lie algebras of linear algebraic groups (17B45) Classical groups (algebro-geometric aspects) (14L35) Linear algebraic groups over arbitrary fields (20G15) Galois theory and commutative ring extensions (13B05) Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to field theory (12-01)
Abstract: For a linear differential equation defined over a formally real differential field K with real closed field of constants k, Crespo, Hajto and van der Put proved that there exists a unique formally real Picard- Vessiot extension up to K-differential automorphism. However such an equation may have Picard-Vessiot extensions which are not formally real fields. The differential Galois group of a Picard-Vessiot extension for this equation has the structure of a linear algebraic group defined over k and is a k-form of the differential Galois group H of the equation over the differential field K(i), where i denotes a square root of -1 in the algebraic closure of k. These facts lead us to consider two issues: determining the number of K-differential isomorphism classes of Picard-Vessiot extensions and describing the variation of the differential Galois group in the set of k-forms of H. We address these two issues in the cases when H is a special linear, a special orthogonal, or a symplectic linear algebraic group and conclude that there is no general behaviour.
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