Patterning of nonlocal transport models in biology: the impact of spatial dimension

DOI10.1016/J.MBS.2023.109093MaRDI QIDQ6154124zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Thomas Jun Jewell, Andrew Krause, Philip K. Maini, Eamonn A. Gaffney

Publication date 14 February 2024

Published in Mathematical Biosciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.03117

zbMATH Keywords

biological patterningnonlocalreaction-advection-diffusionself-organisation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Pattern formations in context of PDEs (35B36) Integro-partial differential equations (45K05) Developmental biology, pattern formation (92C15)

Abstract: Throughout developmental biology and ecology, transport can be driven by nonlocal interactions. Examples include cells that migrate based on contact with pseudopodia extended from other cells, and animals that move based on their vision of other animals. Nonlocal integro-PDE models have been used to investigate contact attraction and repulsion in cell populations in 1D. In this paper, we generalise the analysis of pattern formation in such a model from 1D to higher spatial dimensions. Numerical simulations in 2D demonstrate complex behaviour in the model, including spatio-temporal patterns, multi-stability, and the selection of spots or stripes heavily depending on interactions being attractive or repulsive. Through linear stability analysis in $N$ dimensions, we demonstrate how, unlike in local Turing reaction-diffusion models, the capacity for pattern formation fundamentally changes with dimensionality for this nonlocal model. Most notably, pattern formation is possible only in higher than one spatial dimension for both the single species system with repulsive interactions, and the two species system with `run-and-chase' interactions. The latter case may be relevant to zebrafish stripe formation, which has been shown to be driven by run-and-chase dynamics between melanophore and xanthophore pigment cells.

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Cited in

(13)

• Distinguishing between long-transient and asymptotic states in a biological aggregation model
• On equilibrium solutions to nonlocal mechanistic models in ecology
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