Simple bounds with best possible accuracy for ratios of modified Bessel functions

Abstract: The best bounds of the form

for ratios of modified Bessel functions are characterized: if

a l p h a

,

and

g a m m a

are chosen in such a way that

is a sharp approximation for

P h i_{u} (x) = I_{u - 1} (x) / I_{u} (x)

as

x i g h t a r r o w 0^{+}

(respectively

x i g h t a r r o w + i n f t y

) and the graphs of the functions

and

P h i_{u} (x)

are tangent at some

x = x_{*} > 0

, then

is an upper (respectively lower) bound for

P h i_{u} (x)

for any positive

x

, and it is the best possible at

x_{*}

. The same is true for the ratio

P h i_{u} (x) = K_{u + 1} (x) / K_{u} (x)

but interchanging lower and upper bounds (and with a slightly more restricted range for

u

). Bounds with maximal accuracy at

0^{+}

and

+ i n f t y

are recovered in the limits

x_{*} i g h t a r r o w 0^{+}

and

x_{*} i g h t a r r o w + i n f t y

, and for these cases the coefficients have simple expressions. For the case of finite and positive

x_{*}

we provide uniparametric families of bounds which are close to the optimal bounds and retain their confluence properties.

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