A calculus for bordered Floer homology

DOI10.2140/GT.2023.27.823MaRDI QIDQ6159804zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Jonathan Hanselman, Liam Watson

Publication date 20 June 2023

Published in Geometry \& Topology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1508.05445

zbMATH Keywords

3-manifolds\(L\)-space conjecturebordered Floer homologyHeegaard Floer

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Homology theories in knot theory (Khovanov, Heegaard-Floer, etc.) (57K18)

Abstract: We consider a class of manifolds with torus boundary admitting bordered Heegaard Floer homology of a particularly simple form, namely, the type D structure may be described graphically by a disjoint union of loops. We develop a calculus for studying bordered invariants of this form and, in particular, provide a complete description of slopes giving rise to L-space Dehn fillings as well as necessary and sufficient conditions for L-spaces resulting from identifying two such manifolds along their boundaries. As an application, we show that Seifert fibered spaces with torus boundary fall into this class, leading to a proof that, among graph manifolds containing a single JSJ torus, the property of being an L-space is equivalent to non-left-orderability of the fundamental group and to the non-existence of a coorientable taut foliation.

Review text

Bordered Heegaard Floer homology is loosely an invariant of three-manifolds with boundary [\textit{R. Lipshitz} et al., Bordered Heegaard Floer homology. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2018; Zbl 1422.57080)]. It behaves well under gluing, and allows one to recover the Heegaard Floer homology of complicated closed manifolds by understanding the bordered invariants of the pieces. In the case of three-manifolds with torus boundary, the invariants are tractable, and there has been significant topological application from their computation. In the current article, the authors derive a certain calculus for working with these invariants when they take on a special form, called ``loop-type. For concrete examples, they show any Seifert fibered rational homology solid torus is loop-type. (In fact, the invariants of such a manifold have an even stronger form, called ``simple loop-type). Using this, they are able to prove an equivalence between taut foliations, left-orderability, and not being an \(L\)-space for any graphmanifold with a single JSJ torus. They are also able to detect which Dehn fillings of a loop-type manifold produce \(L\)-spaces. Additionally, they characterize when gluing two simple loop-type manifolds produces an \(L\)-space: the gluing is an \(L\)-space if and only if each slope on the gluing torus is in the interior of the interval of \(L\)-space slopes for at least one of the two three-manifolds. The authors also partially answer a question of \textit{S. Boyer} and \textit{A. Clay} [Adv. Math. 310, 159--234 (2017; Zbl 1381.57003)], showing that for a loop-type rational homology solid torus \(M\), Dehn filling along a slope \(\gamma\) is in the interior of the interval of \(L\)-space slopes for \(M\) if and only if \(M\cup N\) is an \(L\)-space where \(N\) is the twisted \(I\)-bundle over the Klein bottle and \(\gamma\) is identified with the rational longitude of \(N\). To put this paper in context with other works, it is now known that the class of simple loop-type manifolds is the same as the class of manifolds obtained as exteriors of Floer-simple knots from the work of \textit{J. Rasmussen} and \textit{S. D. Rasmussen} [Adv. Math. 322, 738--805 (2017; Zbl 1379.57024)]. This identification is established in the joint work of \textit{J. Hanselman} et al. [Compos. Math. 156, No. 3, 604--612 (2020; Zbl 1432.57032)]. More generally, the four authors combine the work in the current paper with that of [loc. cit., Zbl 1379.57024] to prove the \(L\)-space conjecture for graphmanifolds. These works with loop-type manifolds also ultimately led Hanselman-J. Rasmussen-Watson to recast the bordered Floer homology for any three-manifold with torus boundary (loop-type or not) in terms of immersed curves with local systems in the punctured torus [\textit{J. Hanselman} et al., J. Am. Math. Soc. 37, No. 2, 391--498 (2024; Zbl 07798119); Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 125, No. 4, 879--967 (2022; Zbl 1530.57018)]. This newer perspective in terms of immersed curves has really taken off in the past few years, and has led to numerous applications to low-dimensional topology, such as to the cosmetic surgery conjecture [\textit{J. Hanselman}, J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 25, No. 5, 1627--1670 (2023; Zbl 1526.57011)], as well as laying the groundwork for immersed curve invariants in other settings, such as knot Floer homology [\textit{C. Zibrowius}, J. Topol. 13, No. 1, 77--158 (2020; Zbl 1473.57023)].

Recommendations

• Floer simple manifolds and L-space intervals
• Notes on bordered Floer homology
• Tour of bordered Floer theory
• Cabling in terms of immersed curves
• Combinatorial proofs in bordered Heegaard Floer homology
• Splicing knot complements and bordered Floer homology
• Bordered Heegaard Floer homology
• Some applications of Gabai's internal hierarchy
• L-space intervals for graph manifolds and cables
• Slicing planar grid diagrams: a gentle introduction to bordered Heegaard Floer homology

Cites work

• A Calculus for Plumbing Applied to the Topology of Complex Surface Singularities and Degenerating Complex Curves
• Bimodules in bordered Heegaard Floer homology
• Bordered Heegaard Floer homology
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• Cabling in terms of immersed curves
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• Surgery obstructions from Khovanov homology
• Taut foliations in knot complements
• The Alexander module, Seifert forms, and categorification
• The decategorification of bordered Heegaard Floer homology

Cited in

(13)

• Floer simple manifolds and L-space intervals
• Bordered Floer homology and incompressible surfaces
• L-space intervals for graph manifolds and cables
• Bordered Floer homology and existence of incompressible tori in homology spheres
• L-spaces, taut foliations, and graph manifolds
• Floer homology of 3-manifolds with torus boundary
• Cabling in terms of immersed curves
• Heegaard Floer homology and cosmetic surgeries in \(S^3\)
• Bordered Floer homology for manifolds with torus boundary via immersed curves
• Heegaard Floer multicurves of double tangles
• Involutive knot Floer homology and bordered modules
• Order-detection, representation-detection, and applications to cable knots
• Thin knots and the cabling conjecture

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