Smooth stationary water waves with exponentially localized vorticity
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Publication:6160163
free boundary problemLyapunov-Schmidt reductionvorticityspike solutionwater wavestream functionincompressible Euler equation
Semilinear elliptic equations (35J61) Singular perturbations in context of PDEs (35B25) Euler equations (35Q31) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35) Capillarity (surface tension) for incompressible inviscid fluids (76B45) Vortex flows for incompressible inviscid fluids (76B47) PDEs in connection with geophysics (35Q86) Water waves, gravity waves; dispersion and scattering, nonlinear interaction (76B15) Solitary waves for incompressible inviscid fluids (76B25) Hydrology, hydrography, oceanography (86A05)
Abstract: We study stationary capillary-gravity waves in a two-dimensional body of water that rests above a flat ocean bed and below vacuum. This system is described by the Euler equations with a free surface. Our main result states that there exist large families of such waves that carry finite energy and exhibit an exponentially localized distribution of (nontrivial) vorticity. This is accomplished by combining ideas drawn from the theory of spike-layer solutions to singularly perturbed elliptic equations, with techniques from the study of steady solutions of the water wave problem.
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