Effect of electromigration on onset of morphological instability of a nanowire

DOI10.1007/S10665-023-10271-WzbMATH Open1518.76022arXiv2210.15797OpenAlexW4372358189MaRDI QIDQ6171107FDOQ6171107

M. Khenner

Publication date: 17 July 2023

Published in: Journal of Engineering Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Solid cylindrical nanowires are vulnerable to a Rayleigh-Plateau-type morphological instability. The instability results in a wire breakup, followed by formation of a chain array of spherical nanoparticles. In this paper, a base model of a morphological instability of a nanowire on a substrate in the applied electric field directed along a nanowire axis is considered. Exact analytical solution is obtained for 90 degrees contact angle and, assuming axisymmetric perturbations, for a free-standing wire. The latter solution extends the 1965 result by Nichols and Mullins without electromigration effect (F.A. Nichols and W.W. Mullins, Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME 233, 1840-1848 (1965)). For general contact angles the neutral stability is determined numerically. It is shown that a stronger applied electric field (a stronger current) results in a larger instability growth rate and a decrease of the most dangerous unstable wavelength; in experiment, the latter is expected to yield more dense chain array of nanoparticles. Also it is noted that a wire crystallographic orientation on a substrate has larger impact on stability in a stronger electric field and that a simple switching of the polarity of electrical contacts, i.e. the reversal of the direction of the applied electric field, may suppress the instability development and thus a wire breakup would be prevented. A critical value of the electric field that is required for such wire stabilization is obtained.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.15797

zbMATH Keywords

analytical solutioncontact angleneutral stabilityaxisymmetric perturbationRayleigh-Plateau morphological instabilitysingle-crystal solid wirewire crystallographic orientation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics (76W05) Statistical mechanics of crystals (82D25) Stability and instability of magnetohydrodynamic and electrohydrodynamic flows (76E25)

Cites Work

• Anisotropic surface energy formulations and their effect on stability of a growing thin film
• Axisymmetric surface diffusion: Dynamics and stability of self-similar pinchoff
• A parametric finite element method for solid-state dewetting problems with anisotropic surface energies
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• A tangent-plane marker-particle method for the computation of three-dimensional solid surfaces evolving by surface diffusion on a substrate
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• Electromigration in Macroscopic Relaxation of Stepped Surfaces

Cited In (2)

• Electromigration in Macroscopic Relaxation of Stepped Surfaces
• Quantum suppression of the Rayleigh instability in nanowires

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