LCD codes arising from wavelets
The Haar functions were introduced at the beginning of XX century and later it was considered as tjhe mother function of the 1-order Daubechies Wavelet Db1. Haar function is defined as 1 in the first half of the real unit interval, as \(-1\) in the second interval and 0 elsewhere in the real line. With this motivation for any positive integer \(n\), the following ``trend and ``fluctuation \((n\times 2n)\)-matrices are defined: \[ F = 2^{-\frac{1}{2}}\left[\begin{array}{rrrrcrr} 1 & -1 & 0 & 0 & \cdots & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & -1 & \cdots & 0 & 0 \\ \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots & \vdots \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & \cdots & 1 & -1 \\ \end{array}\right]\ \ ,\ \ T = 2^{-\frac{1}{2}}\left[\begin{array}{rrrrcrr} 1 & 1 & 0 & 0 & \cdots & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 1 & \cdots & 0 & 0 \\ \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots & \vdots \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & \cdots & 1 & 1 \\ \end{array}\right], \] and the Haar matrix \(H = \left[\begin{array}{c} F \\ T \end{array}\right]\) which is orthogonal over \(\mathbb{R}\). In finite fields, if \(p\bmod 8 = \pm 1\) then \(2\) is a quadratic residue in \(\mathbb{F}_p\) and the above transforms determine linear complementary dual \((2n,n)\)-codes. The authors give a full exposition of that construction and they indicate that in a similar way the Daubechies Wavelet Db4 may determine dual codes over finite fields in which 3 is a quadratic residue, e.g. \(\mathbb{F}_p\) with \(p\bmod 12 = \pm 1\).
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