Strongly anomalous non-thermal fixed point in a quenched two-dimensional Bose gas

DOI10.1088/1367-2630/AA7EEBMaRDI QIDQ6172401zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Markus Karl, Thomas Gasenzer

Publication date 19 July 2023

Published in New Journal of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.01163

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Bosonic systems in quantum theory (81V73) Quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B10)

Abstract: Universal scaling behavior in the relaxation dynamics of an isolated two-dimensional Bose gas is studied by means of semi-classical stochastic simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii model. The system is quenched far out of equilibrium by imprinting vortex defects into an otherwise phase-coherent condensate. A strongly anomalous non-thermal fixed point is identified, associated with a slowed decay of the defects in the case that the dissipative coupling to the thermal background noise is suppressed. At this fixed point, a large anomalous exponent $etasimeq-3$ and, related to this, a large dynamical exponent $zsimeq5$ are identified. The corresponding power-law decay is found to be consistent with three-vortex-collision induced loss. The article discusses these aspects of non-thermal fixed points in the context of phase-ordering kinetics and coarsening dynamics, thus relating phenomenological and analytical approaches to classifying far-from-equilibrium scaling dynamics with each other. In particular, a close connection between the anomalous scaling exponent $eta$, introduced in a quantum-field theoretic approach, and conservation-law induced scaling in classical phase-ordering kinetics is revealed. Moreover, the relation to superfluid turbulence as well as to driven stationary systems is discussed.

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Cited in

(6)

• Dynamics of a vortex dipole in a holographic superfluid
• Entropy of negative temperature states for a point vortex gas
• Universal dynamics on the way to thermalization
• Quantum scale anomaly and spatial
• High precision solutions to quantized vortices within Gross–Pitaevskii equation
• Interaction quenches in Bose gases studied with a time-dependent hypernetted-chain Euler-Lagrange method

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