Bounds on the order of the Schur multiplier of p-groups

DOI10.1016/J.JPAA.2023.107463MaRDI QIDQ6174706zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Pradeep K. Rai

Publication date 17 August 2023

Published in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.09101

zbMATH Keywords

finite \(p\)-groupmaximal classSchur multiplier

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Finite nilpotent groups, (p)-groups (20D15) Arithmetic and combinatorial problems involving abstract finite groups (20D60) Homological methods in group theory (20J05)

Abstract: In 1956, Green provided a bound on the order of the Schur multiplier of $p$-groups. This bound, given as a function of the order of the group, is the best possible. Since then, the bound has been refined numerous times by adding other inputs to the function, such as, the minimal number of generators of the group and the order of the derived subgroup. We strengthen these bounds by adding another input, the group's nilpotency class. The specific cases of nilpotency class 2 and maximal class are discussed in greater detail.

Review text

Let \(G\) be a finite group. The Schur multiplier \(M(G)\) of \(G\), defined as \(H^{2}(G,\mathbb{C}^{\times})\), the second cohomology group of \(G\) with coefficients in \(\mathbb{C}^{\times}\), plays an important role in the theory of extensions of groups. If \(|G|=p^{n}\) (\(p\) a prime), then \textit{J. A. Green} in [Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser, A 237, 574--581 (1956; Zbl 0071.02301)] proved that \(|M(G)| \leq p^{\frac{1}{2}n(n-1)}\) (and this bound can not be improved if \(G\) is elementary abelian). After that result the bound has been strengthened in many ways. For example, if \(|G'|=p^{k}\), then \(|M(G)| \leq p^{\frac{1}{2}(n-k-1)(n-k-2)+1}\) [\textit{P. Niroomand}, J. Algebra 322, No. 12, 4479--4482 (2009; Zbl 1186.20013)] and if \(|G/\Phi(G)|=p^{d}\) (so \(d\) is the minimal number of generators of \(G\)), then \(|M(G)| \leq p^{\frac{1}{2}(d-1)(n+k-2)+1}\) [\textit{G. Ellis} and \textit{J. Wiegold}, Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 60, No. 2, 191--196 (1999; Zbl 0940.20017)]. As the author points out in [Int. J. Algebra Comput. 27, No. 5, 495--500 (2017; Zbl 1371.20014)], this bound is better than the one found by Niroomand [loc. cit.]. The paper under review is intended to demonstrate further limitations to the order of \(M(G)\) when \(c\), the nilpotency class of \(G\), is added to the parameters \(n\) and \(d\). The formulas found are too complicated to be reported here. Another interesting result proved by the author is Theorem 1.7: Let \(p\) be an odd prime and \(G\) be a finite \(p\)-group of maximal class with \(|G| = p^{n}\) and \(n \geq 4\). Then \(|M(G)| \leq p^{\frac{1}{2}n}\).

Recommendations

• A note on the order of the Schur multiplier of p-groups
• Finite \(p\)-groups having Schur multiplier of maximum order
• The Schur multiplier of a \(p\)-group with the derived subgroup of maximal order
• On classification of groups having Schur multiplier of maximum order
• The Schur multiplier of p-groups with large derived subgroup.

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Cited in

(12)

• Some bounds for the higher Schur multiplier of a finite group and its number of generators.
• On the Schur multipliers of finite \(p\)-groups of given coclass.
• On a conjecture of a bound for the exponent of the Schur multiplier of a finite p-group.
• Finite \(p\)-groups having Schur multiplier of maximum order
• A note on p-central groups.
• The Schur multiplier of a \(p\)-group with the derived subgroup of maximal order
• A note on the order of the Schur multiplier of p-groups
• The maximum number of triangles in a graph and its relation to the size of the Schur multiplier of special p-groups
• Bounds for the order of the Schur multiplier of a pair of groups
• On the size of the Schur multiplier of finite groups
• On classification of groups having Schur multiplier of maximum order
• The Schur multiplier of p-groups with large derived subgroup.

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