On a characterization theorem in the space R^n

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Publication:6177091



Abstract: By Heyde's theorem, the class of Gaussian distributions on the real line is characterized by the symmetry of the conditional distribution of one linear form of independent random variables given another. We prove an analogue of this theorem for two independent random vectors taking values in the space mathbbRn. The obtained class of distributions consists of convolutions of Gaussian distributions and a distribution supported in a subspace, which is determined by coefficients of the linear forms.


The author establishes an analogue in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) of Heyde's theorem characterizing Gaussian distributions on the real line by the symmetry of one linear form of independent random variables conditioned on another. In particular, let \(\alpha\) be an invertible linear operator in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), and \(\xi_1\) and \(\xi_2\) independent random vectors. The author shows that if the distribution of \(\xi_1+\alpha\xi_2\) conditional on \(\xi_1+\xi_2\) is symmetric, then the distributions of the \(\xi_j\) are shifts of convolutions of symmetric Gaussian distributions supported on an \(\alpha\)-invariant subspace \(G\), and a distribution supported on \(K=\text{Ker}(I+\alpha)\), where \(I\) is the identity. It also holds that \(G\cap K=\{0\}\). This result is of principal interest in the case where \(I+\alpha\) is not invertible.











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