On a convexity property of the space of almost Fuchsian immersions

DOI10.1007/S10711-023-00865-0MaRDI QIDQ6183209zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Samuel Bronstein, Graham Smith

Publication date 26 January 2024

Published in Geometriae Dedicata (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00715

zbMATH Keywords

almost Fuchsian immersionsGauss-Codazzi equationsholomorphic quadratic differentialsminimal surfaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Second-order elliptic equations (35J15) Surfaces in Euclidean and related spaces (53A05) Differential geometry of immersions (minimal, prescribed curvature, tight, etc.) (53C42) 2-dimensional topology (including mapping class groups of surfaces, Teichmüller theory, curve complexes, etc.) (57K20) Elliptic equations on manifolds, general theory (58J05)

Abstract: We study the space of Hopf differentials of almost fuchsian minimal immersions of compact Riemann surfaces. We show that the extrinsic curvature of the immersion at any given point is a concave function of the Hopf differential. As a consequence, we show that the set of all such Hopf differentials is a convex subset of the space of holomorphic quadratic differentials of the surface. In addition, we address the non-equivariant case, and obtain lower and upper bounds for the size of this set.

Review text

Let \(\rho\) be a discrete, injective homomorphism from a compact surface group into \(\mathbb{P}\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{C})\). This homomorphism is said to be quasi-Fuchsian whenever it preserves a Jordan curve in \(\partial_{\infty}\mathbb{H}^3\). The homomorphism \(\rho\) is said to be almost Fuchsian whenever, in addition to being quasi-Fuchsian, its fixed Jordan curve bounds an embedded minimal disk in \(\mathbb{H}^3\) with sectional curvature of absolute values everywhere less than \(1\). When this holds, the minimal disk is also unique. By Riemann's uniformization theorem, to every almost Fuchsian homomorphism \(\rho\) it is possible to associate a pair \((\sigma, f)\), where \(\sigma\) is a Fuchsian representation, and \(f:D\rightarrow \mathbb{H}^{3}\) is a \((\sigma, \rho)\)-equivariant conformal minimal embedding. Furthermore \(\sigma\) is unique up to conjugation and, once \(\sigma\) is fixed, \(f\) is unique. Conversely, the pair \((\sigma, f)\) uniquely determines \(\rho\). The second fundamental form of \(f\) is the real part of a \(\sigma\)-invariant holomorphic quadratic differential on \(D\). Let \(\mathcal{Q}(D,\sigma)\) be the vector space of \(\sigma\)-invariant holomorphic quadratic differential on \(D\). By the above discussion, there is a subset \(\mathcal{Q}_{af}(D,\sigma)\) that parameterizes the space of conjugacy classes of almost Fuchsian homomorphisms. The main result of the paper shows that \(\mathcal{Q}_{af}(D,\sigma)\) is convex in \(\mathcal{Q}(D,\sigma)\).

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