Nonequilibrium thermodynamics as a symplecto-contact reduction and relative information entropy

DOI10.1016/S0034-4877(23)00084-8MaRDI QIDQ6189329zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Jin-wook Lim, Yong-Geun Oh

Publication date 8 February 2024

Published in Reports on Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.10660

zbMATH Keywords

(local) observablesgenerating functionskinetic theory phase spaceLegendrian graph selectorsLegendrian submanifoldsMarsden-Weinstein reductionMaxwell constructionmoment mapobservationsrelative information entropystatistical phase spacethermodynamic equilibriumthermodynamic phase space

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Differential geometry (53-XX) Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX)

Abstract: Both statistical phase space (SPS), $Gamma=T^{\ast }mathbb{R}^{3N}$ of $N$-body particle system $mathcalF$, and kinetic theory phase space (KTPS), the cotangent bundle $T^{\ast }mathcalP(Gamma)$ of the probability space $mathcalP(Gamma)$ thereon, carry canonical symplectic structures. Starting from this first principle, we provide a canonical derivation of thermodynamic phase space (TPS) of nonequilibrium thermodynamics as a contact manifold. Regarding the collective observation of observables as a moment map defined on KTPS, we apply the Marsden-Weinstein reduction and obtain a mesoscopic phase space in between KTPS and TPS as an (infinite dimensional) symplectic fibration. We then show that the $mathcalF$-reduction of the relative information entropy (aka Kullback-Leibler divergence) defines a generating function that provides a covariant construction of thermodynamic equilibrium as a Legendrian submanifold. This Legendrian submanifold is not necessarily holonomic. We interpret the Maxwell construction as the procedure of finding a continuous, not necessarily differentiable, thermodynamic potential and explain the associated phase transition. We do this by identifying the procedure with that of finding a graph selector in symplecto-contact geometry and in the Aubry-Mather theory of dynamical system. Our derivation complements the previously proposed contact geometric description of thermodynamic equilibria and explains the origin of phase transition and the Maxwell construction in this framework.

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Cited in

(3)

• Geometric aspects of a spin chain
• A contact topological glossary for non-equilibrium thermodynamics
• Metriplectic dynamical systems on contact manifolds

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