Zero location and asymptotic behavior for extremal polynomials with non-diagonal Sobolev norms
This paper studies the zero location and asymptotic behavior of extremal polynomials with respect to a non-diagonal Sobolev norm in the worst case, i.e. when the quadratic form is allowed to degenerate. The main result is as follows: Let\(\gamma\) be a finite union of rectifiable compact curves, \(\mu\) a finite Borel measure with compact supported \(S(\mu)=\gamma\),and \(V\) a positive definite \(2X2-\)complex conjugate matrix \(\mu-\)almost everywhere defined with entries \(a,b,c\), its \(\frac 2p-\)power \(V^{\frac 2p}\) with entries \(a_p,b_p,c_p\). Assume that \(1\leq p\leq 2\),and \((c_p^{\frac p2} d\mu/ds)^{-1}\in L^{1/(p-1)}(\gamma)\), and the norms in \(W^{1,p}((a_p^{p/2}+c_p^{p/2})\mu,c_p^{p/2}\mu)\) and \(W^{1,p}(a_p^{p/2}\mu,c_p^{p/2}\mu)\) be equivalent on \(P\). Let \(\{q_n\}_{n\geq 0}\) be a sequence of extremal polynomials with respect to the Sobolev norm in \(W^{N,p}(V\mu)\). Then the zeros of \(\{q_n\}_{n\geq 0}\) lie in the bounded disk \(\{z:|z|\leq 2\|M\|\}\). The result covers all of the previous results. The asymptotic behavior of the extremal polynomials are derided from this result also.
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