Marked boundary rigidity for surfaces of Anosov type

DOI10.1007/S00209-024-03433-8MaRDI QIDQ6201406zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Alena Erchenko, Thibault Lefeuvre

Publication date 20 February 2024

Published in Mathematische Zeitschrift (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.06893

zbMATH Keywords

Anosov surfacesboundary rigidity conjecturemarked boundary distance

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Period matrices, variation of Hodge structure; degenerations (32G20) Periodic orbits of vector fields and flows (37C27) Dynamical systems of geometric origin and hyperbolicity (geodesic and horocycle flows, etc.) (37D40) Geodesics in global differential geometry (53C22) Rigidity results (53C24) 2-dimensional topology (including mapping class groups of surfaces, Teichmüller theory, curve complexes, etc.) (57K20)

Abstract: Let $Sigma$ be a smooth compact connected oriented surface with boundary. A metric on $Sigma$ is said to be of Anosov type if it has strictly convex boundary, no conjugate points, and a hyperbolic trapped set. We prove that two metrics of Anosov type with the same marked boundary distance are isometric (via a boundary-preserving isometry isotopic to the identity). As a corollary, we retrieve the boundary distance rigidity result for simple disks of Pestov and Uhlmann [arXiv:math/0305280]. The proof rests on a new transfer principle showing that, in any dimension, the marked length spectrum rigidity conjecture implies the marked boundary distance rigidity conjecture under the existence of a suitable isometric embedding into a closed Anosov manifold. Such an isometric embedding result for open surfaces of Anosov type was proved by the first author with Chen and Gogolev in [arXiv:2009.13665] while the marked length spectrum rigidity for closed Anosov surfaces was established by the second author with Guillarmou and Paternain in [arXiv:2303.12007].

Review text

A Riemannian metric \(g\) on a smooth, compact, connected, oriented manifold with non-empty boundary \(\Sigma\) is said to be of \emph{Anosov type} if the boundary is strictly convex (that is, the second fundamental form is positive definite), the metric has no conjugate points and the set of geodesics trapped in it for infinite time is hyperbolic. The \emph{marked boundary distance function} is defined as the length of the unique \(g\)-geodesic representative in the homotopy class of a curve connecting two boundary points. It is natural to expect that this function should characterize, up to isometry, the metric in the class of Anosov type metrics, similarly to the Burns-Katok marked length spectrum conjecture [\textit{K. Burns} and \textit{A. Katok}, Ergodic Theory Dyn. Syst. 5, 307--317 (1985; Zbl 0572.58019)]. The main result of the paper under review is that this is indeed the case, at least for surfaces. More precisely, the authors show that if two Riemannian metrics \(g_1\) and \(g_2\) of Anosov type have the same marked boundary distance function on a smooth compact, connected oriented surface with boundary, then there exists a smooth diffeomorphism \(\phi\), which is the identity on the boundary, such that \(g_1 = \phi^* g_2\); moreover, such diffeomorphism is isotopic to the identity through a path of diffeomorphisms that fix (pointwise) the boundary. The main tool to obtain the above result is a so-called \emph{transfer principle}, which allows to translate the rigidity problem for the boundary length function on surfaces with boundary to the rigidity of the marked length function on \emph{closed} Anosov manifolds, provided one can isometrically embed the manifold with boundary inside a closed one. Let us comment a bit more on the strategy. A Riemannian metric of Anosov type on a smooth, compact, connected, oriented manifold with boundary \(\Sigma\) is said to be \emph{extendable}, if there exists a smooth \emph{closed}, connected, oriented, Anosov manifold \((M,g')\) (of the same dimension of \(\Sigma\)), and an isometric embedding \(\iota\colon (\Sigma,g) \to (M,g')\). Moreover, two metrics of Anosov type \(g_1\) and \(g_2\) are consistently extendable if they are both extendable to the same manifold \(M\) and their extensions agree on the complement of \(\Sigma\) in \(M\). The transfer principle asserts that, if two metrics of Anosov type are consistently extendable and have the same marked boundary distance function, then they are isometric, provided the marked length spectrum rigidity holds for the closed manifold they are extended to. Then, the main results follows from the transfer principle, the injectivity of the marked length spectrum for Anosov surfaces [\textit{C. Guillarmou} et al., ``Marked length spectrum rigidity for Anosov surfaces, Preprint, \url{arXiv:2303.12007}] and the fact that metrics of Anosov type are extendable [\textit{D. Chen} et al., J. Éc. Polytech., Math. 10, 945--987 (2023; Zbl 07690443)].

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Cited in

(3)

• Riemannian Anosov extension and applications
• Marked length spectrum rigidity for Anosov surfaces
• Extending a result of Chen, erchenko and gogolev

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