The moment map on the space of symplectic 3D Monge-Ampère equations

DOI10.57262/ADE029-0708-575MaRDI QIDQ6203882zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jan Gutt, Gianni Manno, Giovanni Moreno, Robert Śmiech

Publication date 8 April 2024

Published in Advances in Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.06675

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geometric theory, characteristics, transformations in context of PDEs (35A30) Invariance and symmetry properties for PDEs on manifolds (58J70) Jets in global analysis (58A20)

Abstract: For any second-order scalar PDE $mathcalE$ in one unknown function, that we interpret as a hypersurface of a second-order jet space $J^2$, we construct, by means of the characteristics of $mathcalE$, a sub-bundle of the contact distribution of the underlying contact manifold $J^1$, consisting of conic varieties. We call it the contact cone structure associated with $mathcalE$. We then focus on symplectic Monge-Amp`ere equations in 3 independent variables, that are naturally parametrized by a 13-dimensional real projective space. If we pass to the field of complex numbers $mathbbC$, this projective space turns out to be the projectivization of the 14-dimensional irreducible representation of the simple Lie group $mathsfSp(6,mathbbC)$: the associated moment map allows to define a rational map $varpi$ from the space of symplectic 3D Monge-Amp`ere equations to the projectivization of the space of quadratic forms on a $6$-dimensional symplectic vector space. We study in details the relationship between the zero locus of the image of $varpi$, herewith called the cocharacteristic variety, and the contact cone structure of a 3D Monge-Amp`ere equation $mathcalE$: under the hypothesis of non-degenerate symbol, we prove that these two constructions coincide. A key tool in achieving such a result will be a complete list of mutually non-equivalent quadratic forms on a $6$-dimensional symplectic space, which has an interest on its own.

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