Characteristics, bicharacteristics and geometric singularities of solutions of PDEs
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Publication:2929946
Abstract: Many physical systems are described by partial differential equations (PDEs). Determinism then requires the Cauchy problem to be well-posed. Even when the Cauchy problem is well-posed for generic Cauchy data, there may exist characteristic Cauchy data. Characteristics of PDEs play an important role both in Mathematics and in Physics. I will review the theory of characteristics and bicharacteristics of PDEs, with a special emphasis on intrinsic aspects, i.e., those aspects which are invariant under general changes of coordinates. After a basically analytic introduction, I will pass to a modern, geometric point of view, presenting characteristics within the jet space approach to PDEs. In particular, I will discuss the relationship between characteristics and singularities of solutions and observe that: "wave-fronts are characteristic surfaces and propagate along bicharacteristics". This remark may be understood as a mathematical formulation of the wave/particle duality in optics and/or quantum mechanics. The content of the paper reflects the three hour minicourse that I gave at the XXII International Fall Workshop on Geometry and Physics, September 2-5, 2013, Evora, Portugal.
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(9)- A Geometric Framework to Compare PDEs and Classical Field Theories
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