Embeddings of k-complexes into 2k-manifolds

DOI10.1007/S00454-023-00595-WMaRDI QIDQ6204767zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Pavel Paták, Martin Tancer

Publication date 2 April 2024

Published in Discrete \& Computational Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.02404

zbMATH Keywords

manifoldembeddingHelly type theoremvan Kampen obstructionKühnel problem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of simplicial complexes (05E45) Embeddings and immersions in topological manifolds (57N35) Helly-type theorems and geometric transversal theory (52A35) Embeddings and immersions in PL-topology (57Q35) Obstruction theory in algebraic topology (55S35)

Abstract: We improve the bound on K"uhnel's problem to determine the smallest $n$ such that the $k$-skeleton of an $n$-simplex $Delt{a}_n^{(k)}$ does not embed into a compact PL $2k$-manifold $M$ by showing that if $Delt{a}_n^{(k)}$ embeds into $M$, then $$. As a consequence we obtain improved Radon and Helly type results for set systems in such manifolds. Our main tool is a new description of an obstruction for embeddability of a $k$-complex $K$ into a compact PL $2k$-manifold $M$ via the intersection form on $M$. In our approach we need that for every map $fcolonKoM$ the restriction to the $(k-1)$-skeleton of $K$ is nullhomotopic. In particular, this condition is satisfied in interesting cases if $K$ is $(k-1)$-connected, for example a $k$-skeleton of $n$-simplex, or if $M$ is $(k-1)$-connected. In addition, if $M$ is $(k-1)$-connected and $kgeq3$, the obstruction is complete, meaning that a $k$-complex $K$ embeds into $M$ if and only if the obstruction vanishes. For trivial intersection forms, our obstruction coincides with the standard van Kampen obstruction. However, if the form is non-trivial, the obstruction is not linear but rather 'quadratic' in a sense that it vanishes if and only if certain system of quadratic diophantine equations is solvable. This may potentially be useful in attacking algorithmic decidability of embeddability of $k$-complexes into PL $2k$-manifolds.

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