Superconducting non-Abelian vortices in Weinberg-Salam theory - electroweak thunderbolts

DOI10.1016/J.NUCLPHYSB.2009.10.003zbMATH Open1203.83064arXiv0906.2996OpenAlexW2048069473WikidataQ59164700 ScholiaQ59164700MaRDI QIDQ620642FDOQ620642

Julien Garaud, Mikhail S. Volkov

Publication date: 19 January 2011

Published in: Nuclear Physics B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We present a detailed analysis of classical solutions in the bosonic sector of the electroweak theory which describe vortices carrying a constant electric current $calI$. These vortices exist for any value of the Higgs boson mass and for any weak mixing angle, and in the zero current limit they reduce to Z strings. Their current is produced by the condensate of vector W bosons and typically it can attain billions of Amperes. For large $calI$ the vortices show a compact condensate core of size $sim1/calI$, embedded into a region of size $simcalI$ where the electroweak gauge symmetry is completely restored, followed by a transition zone where the Higgs field interpolates between the symmetric and broken phases. Outside this zone the fields are the same as for the ordinary electric wire. An asymptotic approximation of the large $calI$ solutions suggests that the current can be {arbitrarily} large, due to the scale invariance of the vector boson condensate. Finite vortex segments whose length grows with $calI$ seem to be perturbatively stable. This suggests that they can transfer electric charge between different regions of space, similarly to thunderbolts. It is also possible that they can form loops stabilized by the centrifugal force -- electroweak vortons.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0906.2996

zbMATH Keywords

early UniverseZ strings

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory (81T13) Unified quantum theories (81V22) Statistical mechanics of superconductors (82D55) String and superstring theories in gravitational theory (83E30) Relativistic cosmology (83F05)

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Cited In (6)

• Electroweak multi-monopoles
• Dynamical simulations of colliding superconducting strings
• Radial excitations of current-carrying vortices
• Stability analysis of superconducting electroweak vortices
• Emission of gravitational waves by superconducting cosmic strings
• Superconducting properties of vacuum in strong magnetic field

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