Master Lovas-Andai and Equivalent Formulas Verifying the \frac{8}{33} Two-Qubit Hilbert-Schmidt Separability Probability and Companion Rational-Valued Conjectures

DOI10.1007/S11128-018-1854-5MaRDI QIDQ6281667arXivWikidataFDO

Publication date 8 January 2017

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/S11128-018-1854-5

Quaternion and other division algebras: arithmetic, zeta functions (11R52) Random matrices (algebraic aspects) (15B52) Operator spaces and completely bounded maps (46L07) Two-body problems (70F05) Quantum state spaces, operational and probabilistic concepts (81P16) Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40) Entanglement measures, concurrencies, separability criteria (81P42) Open systems, reduced dynamics, master equations, decoherence (81S22) Quantum optics (81V80)

arXiv classification

math-ph math.MP math.PR quant-ph

Abstract: We begin by investigating relationships between two forms of Hilbert-Schmidt two-re[al]bit and two-qubit "separability functions"--those recently advanced by Lovas and Andai (J. Phys. A 50 [2017] 295303), and those earlier presented by Slater (J. Phys. A 40 [2007] 14279). In the Lovas-Andai framework, the independent variable

v a r e p s i l o n i n [0, 1]

is the ratio

s i g m a (V)

of the singular values of the

2 i m e s 2

matrix

V = D_{2}^{1 / 2} D_{1}^{- 1 / 2}

formed from the two

2 i m e s 2

diagonal blocks (

D_{1}, D_{2}

) of a

4 i m e s 4

density matrix

D

. In the Slater setting, the independent variable

m u

is the diagonal-entry ratio

s q r t f r a c h o_{11} h o_{44} h o_{22} h o_{33}

--with, of central importance,

m u = v a r e p s i l o n

or

m u = f r a c 1 v a r e p s i l o n

when both

D_{1}

and

D_{2}

are themselves diagonal. Lovas and Andai established that their two-rebit "separability function"

i l d e {c h i}_{1} (v a r e p s i l o n)

(

a p p r o x v a r e p s i l o n

) yields the previously conjectured Hilbert-Schmidt separability probability of

f r a c 2964

. We are able, in the Slater framework (using cylindrical algebraic decompositions [CAD] to enforce positivity constraints), to reproduce this result. Further, we newly find its two-qubit (yielding

f r a c 833

), two-quater[nionic]-bit (yielding

f r a c 26323

) and "two-octo[nionic]-bit" (yielding

f r a c 444824091349

) counterparts. Then, we find a Lovas-Andai "master formula",

i l d e c h i_{d} (v a r e p s i l o n) = f r a c v a r e p s i l o n^{d} G a m m a (d + 1)^{3},_{3} i l d e F_{2} l e f t (- f r a c d 2, f r a c d 2, d; f r a c d 2 + 1, f r a c 3 d 2 + 1; v a r e p s i l o n^{2} i g h t) G a m m a l e f t (f r a c d 2 + 1 i g h t)^{2}

encompassing both even and odd values of

d

. C. Koutschan, then, using his HolonomicFunctions program, develops an order-4 recurrence satisfied by the predictions of the several formulas, establishing their equivalence.

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