The Arveson boundary of a Free Quadrilateral is given by a noncommutative variety

DOI10.7153/OAM-2021-15-85MaRDI QIDQ6348035arXivFDO

Publication date 30 August 2020

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.7153/OAM-2021-15-85

Operator spaces and completely bounded maps (46L07) Other ``noncommutative mathematics based on (C^*)-algebra theory (46L89) Convex sets and cones of operators (47L07) Linear programming (90C05)

arXiv classification

math.FA

Abstract: Let

S M_{n} (m a t h b b R)^{g}

denote

g

-tuples of

n i m e s n

real symmetric matrices and set

S M (m a t h b b R)^{g} = c u p_{n} S M_{n} (m a t h b b R)^{g}

. A free quadrilateral is the collection of tuples

X i n S M (m a t h b b R)^{2}

which have positive semidefinite evaluation on the linear equations defining a classical quadrilateral. Such a set is closed under a rich class of convex combinations called matrix convex combination. That is, given elements

X = (X_{1}, d o t s, X_{g}) i n S M_{n_{1}} (m a t h b b R)^{g}

and

Y = (Y_{1}, d o t s, Y_{g}) i n S M_{n_{2}} (m a t h b b R)^{g}

of a free quadrilateral

m a t h c a l Q

, one has [ V_1^T X V_1+V_2^T Y V_2 in mathcal{Q} ] for any contractions

V_{1} : m a t h b b R^{n} o m a t h b b R^{n_{1}}

and

V_{2} : m a t h b b R^{n} o m a t h b b R^{n_{2}}

satisfying

V_{1}^{T} V_{1} + V_{2}^{T} V_{2} = I_{n}

. These matrix convex combinations are a natural analogue of convex combinations in the dimension free setting. A natural class of extreme point for free quadrilaterals is free extreme points: elements of a free quadrilateral which cannot be expressed as a nontrivial matrix convex combination of elements of the free quadrilateral. These free extreme points serve as the minimal set which recovers a free quadrilateral through matrix convex combinations. In this article we show that the set of free extreme points of a free quadrilateral is determined by the zero set of a collection of noncommutative polynomials. More precisely, given a free quadrilateral

m a t h c a l Q

, we construct noncommutative polynomials

p_{1}, p_{2}, p_{3}, p_{4}

such that a tuple

X i n S M (m a t h b b R)^{2}

is a free extreme point of a

m a t h c a l Q

if and only if

X i n m a t h c a l Q

and

p_{i} (X) = 0

for

i = 1, 2, 3, 4

and

X

is irreducible. In addition we establish several basic results for projective maps of free spectrahedra and for homogeneous free spectrahedra.

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